Excoecarianin, Isolated from Phyllanthus urinaria Linnea, Inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection through Inactivation of Viral Particles

Table 3

Inhibitory effects of excoecarianin in combination with ACV against the infection of HSV-2 in Vero cells.

Compound(s)	Mean (IC50 ± SD)^a	FICexcoecarianin + FICACV  ^b	FIC index interpretation
Excoecarianin alone	11.87 ± 2.9	—	—
ACV alone	1.33 ± 0.84	—	—
ACV + 1.0 μM excoecarianin	0.76 ± 0.34	0.66	synergistic
ACV + 2.5 μM excoecarianin	0.39 ± 0.18	0.51	synergistic
ACV + 5.0 μM excoecarianin	0.11 ± 0.02	0.50	synergistic

^aResults are based on three independent experiments; ^bFIC_{excoecarianin} and FIC_ACV are the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) of excoecarianin and ACV, respectively.