Inhibition of Human Cervical Cancer Cell Growth by Ethanolic Extract of Boerhaavia diffusa Linn. (Punarnava) Root

Figure 9

An overview of apoptotic effects elicited by B. diffusa fraction 5 (BDF 5) on HeLa cells. S-phase inhibition plays some roles in BDF 5-induced antiproliferative activities. The apoptotic mechanism was mediated by the activation of caspase-9 (upstream regulatory caspase) and caspase-3 (downstream effector caspase). This was subsequently resulting in biochemical and morphological alterations, including DNA fragmentation, membrane blebbing and formation of apoptotic bodies.