Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine / 2011 / Article / Tab 1 / Original Article
Fermented Wheat Germ Extract (Avemar) in the Treatment of Cardiac Remodeling and Metabolic Symptoms in Rats Table 1 Physiological parameters of UNX, UNX + AVE, DOCA and DOCA + AVE-fed rats.
Parameter UNX (4 weeks) UNX + AVE (4 weeks) DOCA (4 weeks) DOCA + AVE (4 weeks) Daily water intake (mL) 67 ± 11 (n = 6) 59 ± 9 (n = 6) 190 ± 33* (n = 6) 125 ± 30** (n = 6) Daily food intake (g) 29 ± 2 (n = 6) 27 ± 3 (n = 6) 24 ± 5 (n = 6) 23 ± 5 (n = 6) Systolic blood pressure 107 ± 1.3 (n = 6) 113 ± 1.8 (n = 6) 108 ± 3.1 (n = 6) 105 ± 2.1 (n = 6) Systolic blood pressure 128 ± 0.7 (n = 6) 145 ± 6* (n = 6) 176 ± 7.0*
(n = 6) 171 ± 6.0* (n = 6) Systolic blood pressure 135 ± 1.7 (n = 6) 151 ± 1.0* (n = 6) 186 ± 3.6*
(n = 6) 182 ± 3.0* (n = 6) LVIDd (cm) 0.66 ± 0.01 (n = 6) 0.57 ± 0.01*
(n = 6) 0.48 ± 0.02*
(n = 6) 0.51 ± 0.01* (n = 6) LVPWd (cm) 0.15 ± 0.01 (n = 6) 0.17 ± 0.01 (n = 6) 0.22 ± 0.01*
(n = 6) 0.22 ± 0.01* (n = 6) Fractional shortening (
) 54 ± 6 (n = 6) 57 ± 1.4 (n = 6) 58 ± 3 (n = 6) 64 ± 5 (n = 6) LV mass (g) 0.7 ± 0.01 (n = 6) 0.63 ± 0.01 (n = 6) 0.85 ± 0.01* (n = 6) 0.75 ± 0.01** (n = 6) Cardiac output (mL/min) 56 ± 9 (n = 6) 39 ± 8 (n = 6) 21 ± 3* (n = 6) 27 ± 8* (n = 6) Ejection fraction (
) 87 ± 3 (n = 6) 92 ± 0.7 (n = 6) 92 ± 2 (n = 6) 92 ± 1.4 (n = 6) Relative wall thickness 0.49 ± 0.01 (n = 6) 0.94 ± 0.2* (n = 6) 1.49 ± 0.68* (n = 6) 0.94 ± 0.2** (n = 6) LV—interstitial collagen
of total area) 2.7 ± 0.3 (n = 5) 2.4 ± 0.5 (n = 5) 11.7 ± 1.3*
(n = 6) 3.8 ± 0.7** (n = 5) LV—perivascular collagen
of total area) 25.6 ± 0.9 (n = 4) 26.2 ± 1.1 (n = 4) 36.4 ± 1.3*
(n = 4) 28.1 ± 1.0** (n = 4) Diastolic stiffness constant (
) 20.3 ± 0.8 (n = 6) 19.7 ± 1.8 (n = 6) 32.3 ± 1.7* (n = 6) 22.6 ± 0.7** (n = 6) LV + septum (mg/g body wt) 2.16 ± 0.1 (n = 6) 2.0 ± 0.1 (n = 6) 3.06 ± 0.08* (n = 6) 2.9 ± 0.1* (n = 6) RV (mg/g body wt) 0.36 ± 0.01 (n = 6) 0.51 ± 0.01* (n = 6) 0.49 ± 0.01* (n = 6) 0.54 ± 0.01* (n = 6) Liver (mg/g body wt) 28.2 ± 1.7 (n = 6) 40.6 ± 1.4 (n = 6) 54 ± 2.0* (n = 6) 45.6 ± 3** (n = 6) Spleen (mg/g body wt) 2.4 ± 0.17 (n = 6) 2.4 ± 0.1 (n = 6) 4.3 ± 0.2* (n = 6) 3.1 ± 0.1** (n = 6) Remnant kidney (mg/g body wt) 5.1 ± 0.4 (n = 6) 4.0 ± 0.5 (n = 6) 8.2 ± 0.3* (n = 6) 9.3 ± 0.5* (n = 6) Plasma malondialdehyde
mol/L) 19.7 ± 0.7 (n = 6) 20.4 ± 0.6 (n = 6) 27.3 ± 0.8* (n = 6) 23.9 ± 0.6** (n = 6)
Values are mean ± SEM; number of experiments in parentheses. LV, left ventricle; RV, right ventricle; LVIDd, left ventricular internal diameter at diastole; LVPWd, left ventricular posterior wall thickness at diastole. LV mass calculated according to [25 ]. *P
.05 versus UNX; **P
.05 versus DOCA.
