Mediation of Endogenous β-Endorphin in the Plasma Glucose-Lowering Action of Herbal Products Observed in Type 1-Like Diabetic Rats
Figure 1
The possible mechanisms of herbal products on the plasma glucose-lowering action are mediated by activation of adrenal α 1-ARs and/or stimulation of peripheral MOR in the absence of insulin. Activation of α1-ARs to increase β-endorphin release from adrenal gland was involved in the insulin-independent plasma glucose-lowering action of caffeic acid, isoferulic acid, puerarin and andrographolide. The receptor mediated on the adrenal β-endorphin secretion induced by myricetin, ginsenoside Rh2 and syringin is not clear, but the insulin-independent plasma glucose-lowering activity of these compounds were induced by activation of peripheral MOR via released β-endorphin.
