Antidepressant-Like Activity of 10-Hydroxy-Trans-2-Decenoic Acid, a Unique Unsaturated Fatty Acid of Royal Jelly, in Stress-Inducible Depression-Like Mouse Model
Figure 5
Effects of RJ on depression in mice. The tail-suspension test was used for evaluation of depression in mice injected with RJ intraperitoneally (a) or orally (b) once a day for 3 weeks with simultaneous exposure to the stress. Immobility values are expressed as the mean + SE ( 3–5). Significance of differences from the values of the vehicle-treated mice without stress loading was determined by performing Student’s t-test (*, *** as indicated by the brackets). Significance of differences from the values of the vehicle-treated mice with stress exposure was determined by use of two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni test (##, as indicated by the brackets).
