Evaluation of Effects of Chinese Prescription Kangen-karyu on Diabetes-Induced Alterations such as Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Liver of Type 2 Diabetic db/db Mice

Figure 8

Predictable mechanisms in hepatic tissues administered Kangen-karyu against oxidative stress and apoptosis. The Kangen-karyu attenuated hyperglycemia and hyperleptinemia, and subsequently decreased ROS and TBARS production in the liver. Further, Kangen-karyu ameliorated the values of proinflammatory COX-2 and iNOS proteins regulated by NF-κB, oxidative stress defense factor Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins, and apoptotic JNK, p-JNK, AP-1, Bax, and cytochrome c proteins.