Isorhamnetin, A Flavonol Aglycone from Ginkgo biloba L., Induces Neuronal Differentiation of Cultured PC12 Cells: Potentiating the Effect of Nerve Growth Factor
Figure 2
Isorhamnetin induces the neurofilament expression in cultured PC12 cells but not the neurite outgrowth. (a) The chemical structure of isorhamnetin is illustrated. (b) Cultured PC12 cells were treated with isorhamnetin (1 to10 μM) for 72 hours. The cell lysates were collected to determine the expressions of NF68, NF160, and NF200 (upper panel). GADPH served as a loading control. The lower panel shows the quantitation from the blots by a densitometer. Values are expressed as the fold of change (× Basal) against the control (no treatment; set as 1), and in mean SEM, , each with triplicate samples. (c) Cultures were treated with isorhamnetin (3 or 10 μM) and NGF (50 ng/mL), as indicated, for 72 hours. Cells were fixed with ice-cold 4% paraformaldehyde. Bar = 10 μm. Representative images were shown. (d) Cultured PC12 cell was treated as in (c). The % of differentiated cell (upper panel) and length of neurite (lower panel) were counted as described in the Materials and Methods section. Values are expressed as % of total cells in 100 counted cells, mean SEM, . ** compared to the control.
