Antiangiogenic Effects and Therapeutic Targets of Azadirachta indica Leaf Extract in Endothelial Cells
Figure 2
(a) Suppression of vascular growth in the angioreactors with EENL treatment. Angioreactors filled with extracellular matrix containing angiogenic factors (180 μg of FGF-2, 60 ng of VEGF, and 2 μg of heparin) and in presence or absence of 100 μg of EENL were implanted subcutaneously into the dorsal flank of 6-week-old athymic nude mice each. Two angioreactors were implanted on each side of the dorsal flank, a total of four angioreactors per mice and five mice per group were used. After 12 days the angioreactors were removed and photographed. Significant vascular structure is observed in 16 angioreactors of group 1 mice with VEGF. EENL significantly inhibited the VEGF-induced angiogenic response in group 2 mice in a total of 20 angioreactors. Vascular structure was significantly inhibited in all the angioreactors in group 3 and group 4 mice with EENL not containing VEGF and in the negative control without VEGF. (b) Measurement of the angiogenic responses by FITC-lectin staining of the cell pellet recovered from the angioreactors. Data are the mean ± SD from experiments repeated two times (*).
