Research Article

Herbal Extracts Combination (WNK) Prevents Decline in Spatial Learning and Memory in APP/PS1 Mice through Improvement of Hippocampal Aβ Plaque Formation, Histopathology, and Ultrastructure

Figure 4

Electron micrographs of CA1 hippocampal neurons in mouse brains. (a) Nontransgenic group; (b) transgenic group; (c) WNK group; (d) EGB761 group. CA1 hippocampal neurons in nontransgenic mouse brain are well developed with normal organelles including nucleus (Figure 4(a)). In transgenic brain, extremely damaged structures display apoptotic death. Dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, dilated mitochondria with fewer cristae inside, autophagosomes (black arrows), and vacuolation (white arrows) can also be seen in neurons (Figure 4(b)). After 3-month WNK or EGBA761 treatment, most neurons appeared to be with similar structure to nontransgenic ones, except for some deformed organelles, such as dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, dilated Golgi complex, and destroyed mitochondria (arrow heads) (Figures 4(c) and 4(d)). Scale bar = 1~2 μm.
478190.fig.004a
(a)
478190.fig.004b
(b)
478190.fig.004c
(c)
478190.fig.004d
(d)