Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Protects Endotoxemic Rat from Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation
Figure 1
The time flow chart indicates the precise time for various operations in the present study, from the time point of anesthetic injection to the time point for sampling. (a) Twenty minutes after anesthesia, rats were injected intravenously with LPS or NS. One and a half hour after modeling, treatment (ta-VNS, VNS, or TEAS on ST36) was performed for twenty minutes. Two hours after LPS injection, rats were killed, and samples were collected. (b) Ten minutes after anesthesia, administration of α-BGT or vagotomy was performed. The rest of the operations were the same with the time flow in (a).
