Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Buyang Huanwu Decoction for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 19 Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 1

Summary of the characteristics of the included trials.

First author year	Subjects (trial/control)	Age (years)		Intervention		Main outcome measures	Course of disease (d)	Course of treatment (d)
		Trial group	Control group	Trial group+	Control group
Zhang 2010 [12]	82/82	51–77	50–78	BHD*	WCM**	TER, NDS	<7	30
Wu 2011 [23]	35/35	59.8 ± 7.3	60.5 ± 8.1	BHD* plus two-toothed achyranthes root and syndrome differentiation	WCM**	TER	<1	28
Zhang 2004 [24]	40/40	45–70	42–80	BHD* plus syndrome differentiation	WCM**	TER, NDS	<3	15
Guo 2009 [25]	57/30	48–78	47–80	BHD* plus syndrome differentiation	WCM**	TER,; NDS	<3	15
Jia 2010 [26]	32/28	31–70	30–70	BHD*	WCM**	TER	<3	14
Fang 2005 [27]	65/72	68.7 ± 0.8	67.2 ± 0.7	BHD* plus stiff silkworm	WCM**	TER	<3	30
Zhang 2012 [28]	34/36	64.8 ± 5.6	65.2 ± 5.2	BHD* plus pangolin scales, grassleaf sweetflag rhizome, milkwort root, stiff silkworm, two-toothed achyranthes root, and bile arisaema based on syndrome differentiation	WCM**	TER	<2	45
Li 2011 [29]	33/33	75–81	75–80	BHD* plus syndrome differentiation	WCM**	ESS	<3	14
Kang 2006 [30]	36/38	48–80	49–82	BHD* plus danshen root	WCM**	TER, NDS	<3	15
Lin 2008 [31]	32/30	50–75	50–75	BHD* plus scorpion and leech	WCM**	TER	<3	nr
Chen 2007 [32]	33/32	61.6 ± 4.7	58.7 ± 5.6	BHD*	WCM**	TER, NDS	<3	14
Yan 2004 [33]	60/60	46–78	46–80	BHD* plus tangshen	WCM**	TER	<7	20
Cui 2005 [34]	50/30	55–71	56–68	BHD* plus tangshen, fragrant solomonseal rhizome, common aucklandia root, bile arisaema, and white mustard seed based on syndrome differentiation	WCM**	TER	<7	20
Liu 2010 [35]	55/55	39–74	39–75	BHD* plus danshen root and plus syndrome differentiation	WCM**	TER	<3	14
Shi 1995 [36]	21/20	62.9 ± 7.5	63.3 ± 11.9	BHD* plus cassia twig and danshen root	WCM**	TER	<3	10
Run 2001 [37]	24/24	48–76	45–77	BHD* plus syndrome differentiation	WCM**	TER	<3	28
Wang 2005 [38]	64/64	36–65	40–71	BHD* plus stiff silkworm, cicada slough, bile arisaema, grassleaf sweetflag rhizome, and syndrome differentiation	WCM**	TER, NDS	<7	14
Lv 2009 [39]	35/35	64.71 ± 10.63	63.31 ± 10.47	BHD* plus two-toothed achyranthes root and syndrome differentiation	WCM**	TER, NDS	<3	30
Zheng 2004 [40]	27/22	65.6 ± 6.3	62.6 ± 6.8	BHD*	WCM**	TER, NDS	<3	21

Notes: BHD: buyang huanwu decoction, WCM: western conventional medicines, TER: total effective rate, NDS: neurological deficit score; +: mean same as the control group treatment. *BHD is composed of seven kinds of Chinese medicine: Huangqi (Radix Astragali seu Hedysari), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Chishao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), Chuanxiong (Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong), Honghua (Flos Carthami), Taoren (Semen Persicae), and Dilong (Pheretima). **WCM refer to the combination of needed therapies of the following aspects: (1) general supportive care mainly include: (A) airway, ventilatory support, and supplemental oxygen, (B) cardiac monitoring and treatment, (C) temperature, (D) blood pressure, E. blood sugar, and F. nutrition; (2) specialized care mainly include a variety of measures to improve cerebral blood circulation (such as antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, fibrinogen-depleting agents, volume expansion, and vasodilators, except thrombolytic agents) and neuroprotective agents; (3) treatment of acute complications mainly include: (A) brain edema and elevated intracranial pressure, (B) seizures, (C) dysphagia, (D) pneumonia, E.voiding dysfunction, and urinary tract infections and F. deep vein thrombosis.