Kappa-Opioid Receptors in the Caudal Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Mediate 100 Hz Electroacupuncture-Induced Sleep Activities in Rats

Figure 2

The effects of naloxonazine on 100 Hz EA-induced alterations in sleep. Shade area: _ipPFS+PFS, open circles: _ipketamine+PFS, closed circles: _ipketamine+PFS+EA, open triangles: _ipketamine+naloxonazine(10𝜇g)+EA. *represents a statistically significant difference between the values obtained from _ipketamine+PFS and _ipPFS+PFS. ^§depicts a statistically significant difference between the values obtained from _ipketamine+PFS+EA and _ipketamine+PFS.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)