A Six-Month Supplementation of Mulberry, Korean Red Ginseng, and Banaba Decreases Biomarkers of Systemic Low-Grade Inflammation in Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Type 2 Diabetes

Table 3

Between treatment differences in blood glucose homeostasis indices following 6-month supplementation with herbal preparation or placebo in subjects with IGT or mild T2D.

	Treatment (𝑛=32)			Placebo (𝑛=30)
	Baseline	12 week	24 week	Baseline	12 week	24 week
Fasting glucose^1	6.93±1.15	7.04±1.19	6.79±1.37	7.54±1.47	7.4±1.49	7.04±1.08
Fasting insulin^2	9.65±5.45	11.03±8.70	9.67±4.57	8.93±4.98	9.43±5.05	9.32±6.15
HOMA-IR	2.99±1.89	3.61±3.44	2.92±1.54	3.02±1.72	3.15±1.80	2.83±1.73
OGTTAUC^3g	23.83±5.51	23.26±5.15	𝟐𝟏.𝟖𝟕±𝟓.𝟎𝟖^†	25.27±6.12	24.64±4.79	𝟐𝟑.𝟐𝟕±𝟒.𝟔𝟓^†
OGTTAUC^4i	93.79±62.77	88.67±55.55	81.55±44.32	81.1±50.71	74.75±53.28	88.79±76.88
ISIOGTT	5.97±6.13	5.72±4.69	5.57±3.66	5.51±4.68	5.69±4.40	6.44±6.34
HbA1c (%)	6.37±0.60	6.39±0.71	6.45±0.67	6.52±0.74	6.52±0.86	6.54±0.70
		Mean difference (treatment versus placebo)
		0–12	12–24	0–24
Fasting glucose^1		−0.24±1.56	−0.11±1.52	−0.35±1.54
Fasting insulin^2		−0.89±8.86	1.26±10.45	0.37±7.08
HOMA-IR		−0.49±3.21	0.37±3.59	−0.12±2.07
OGTTAUC^3g		−0.06±6.52	0.03±5.50	−0.03±5.71
OGTTAUC^4i		−1.24±56.74	21.16±53.85	19.92±66.28
ISIOGTT		0.43±6.85	0.89±6.12	1.32±8.58
HbA1c (%)		−0.03±0.68	−0.03±0.81	−0.06±0.76

¹𝑢M/mL, ²𝜇U/mL, ³𝑢M/mL, ⁴𝜇U/mL.
^†significantly different within-treatment change from baseline (𝑃<0.05, paired 𝑡-test).