Research Article

The Benefit of a Mechanical Needle Stimulation Pad in Patients with Chronic Neck and Lower Back Pain: Two Randomized Controlled Pilot Studies

Table 1

Baseline characteristics.

NP studyBP study
Treatment groupControl groupTreatment groupControl group

𝑁 17182121
Percentage female (%)82.410071.466.7
Mean (SD) age (years)47.0 (10.9)48.0 (12.1)63.1 (11.9)64.5 (10.6)