Reheated Palm Oil Consumption and Risk of Atherosclerosis: Evidence at Ultrastructural Level

Table 1

Quantitative analysis of changes in the aortic wall of rats fed with different frequencies of heated palm oil.

Groups	Tunica intima (TI) thickness (μm) ± SEM	Tunica media (TM) thickness (μm) ± SEM	TI : TM ± SEM
Control (C)	23.9200 ± 1.6405	442.5800 ± 18.7733	0.0546 ± 0.0040
Fresh (FPO)	21.6250 ± 1.4244	380.2100 ± 11.9707	0.0570 ± 0.0029^b
5 times heated (5HPO)	26.7817 ± 1.7856^a	450.7383 ± 43.6100	0.0659 ± 0.0048^b
10 times heated (10HPO)	30.1883 ± 2.1573^a	423.2150 ± 14.8780	0.0673 ± 0.0059^b

^aSignificant difference between heated oil and fresh oil (𝑃<0.05).
^bSignificant difference between control and palm oil feeding groups (𝑃<0.05).
Results shown as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM).