3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic Acid, a Major Constituent of Brazilian Propolis, Increases TRAIL Expression and Extends the Lifetimes of Mice Infected with the Influenza A Virus

Figure 3

TRAIL expression in the lungs of BALB/c mice infected with the IAV. Vehicle, 3,4-diCQA (50 mg/kg), or oseltamivir (0.5 mg/kg) was administrated twice daily starting at 4 hrs before the first viral infection until 7 days post-infection (7 dpi). Total RNA was recovered at 4 dpi or 7 dpi, and relative mRNA expression was measured using real-time PCR. The quantity of mouse TRAIL mRNA expression was normalized to the mRNA expression of mouse HPRT. The quantities are shown as mean ± SE. **𝑃< 0.01.