Catenarin Prevents Type 1 Diabetes in Nonobese Diabetic Mice via Inhibition of Leukocyte Migration Involving the MEK6/p38 and MEK7/JNK Pathways
Figure 7
Effect of catenarin on MKK6- or MKK7-mediated migration (a). Jurkat cells were electroporated with pcDNA3-HA-MKK6EE or pMEV2HA-MKK7EE. The cells underwent chemotaxis assay, and the migration index (MI) was determined (upper panel). Data from 3 independent experiments are expressed as mean ± SE. P (*) < 0.05. The expression level of MKK6EE, MKK7EE, and p85, an internal control, was determined by immunoblot using anti-MKK6, anti-MKK7, and anti-p85 Abs (lower panel) (b). Scheme describing the molecular mechanism by which catenarin inhibits leukocyte migration and, thus insulitis in NOD mice. Catenarin inhibits leukocyte migration mediated by CCR5 and CXCR4 via the inactivation of MAPKs (p38 and JNK), MKKs (MKK6 and MKK7), and calcium mobilization.
