Randomized Comparison of the Therapeutic Effect of Acupuncture, Massage, and Tachibana-Style-Method on Stiff Shoulders by Measuring Muscle Firmness, VAS, Pulse, and Blood Pressure

Table 1

The conclusion of the examination result.

Indicators	Ac versus Ma	Ac versus T-R	Ma versus T-R
The muscle firmness on the treated side	NS	**(T-R)	**(T-R)
The muscle firmness of untreated area	NS	NS	*(T-R)
VAS	NS	NS	*(T-R)
Pulse	NS	O (T-R)	NS
Systolic blood pressure	NS	NS	NS
Diastolic blood pressure	NS	NS	NS
The body temperature at the spot on the treated side	*(Ma)	NS	*(Ma)
The body temperature at the spot on the untreated side	NS	NS	NS

*: significant difference by Scheffe’s 𝐹 test (𝑃<0.05).
**: significant difference by Scheffe’s 𝐹 test (𝑃<0.01).
O: significant difference by Turkey-Kramer method (𝑃<0.05).
NS: no significant difference.
Ac: Acupuncture; Ma: Massage; T-R: Tachibana-Ryojutsu.