Mediators of Yoga and Stretching for Chronic Low Back Pain
Table 3
12-week change in RDQ* associated with 6-week mediator values.
Main cohort**
Saliva cohort***
Change in RDQ*
SE
95% CI
value
Change in RDQ*
SE
95% CI
value
Yoga versus self-care
Fear avoidance
0.10
0.05
(−0.01, 0.20)
0.062
0.11
0.06
(−0.01, 0.23)
0.069
Self-efficacy
0.21
(−1.59, −0.74)
0.0000003
0.27
(−1.76, −0.69)
0.00002
Conscious awareness of body
0.06
(−0.25, −0.02)
0.027
0.08
(−0.20, 0.10)
0.491
Psychological distress
0.05
0.05
(−0.04, 0.15)
0.287
0.02
0.06
(−0.10, 0.14)
0.700
Perceived stress
0.08
0.07
(−0.07, 0.22)
0.296
0.01
0.09
(−0.17, 0.18)
0.955
Positive states of mind
0.15
(−0.41, 0.17)
0.418
0.19
(−0.55, 0.22)
0.402
Improved sleep
2.51
0.70
(1.11, 3.90)
0.00055
2.26
0.84
(0.58, 3.94)
0.009
Hours of back exercise
0.263
(−0.99, 0.06)
0.081
0.32
(−1.23, 0.05)
0.070
DHEA change in diurnal average (log scale)
—
—
—
—
0.89
(−2.38, 1.18)
0.502
Average cortisol awakening response
—
—
—
—
0.41
(−1.70, −0.06)
0.035
Stretching versus self-care
Fear avoidance
0.20
0.05
(0.10, 0.30)
0.000094
0.26
0.07
( 0.13, 0.39)
0.00017
Self-efficacy
0.24
(−1.19, −0.25)
0.003
0.29
(−1.32, −0.17)
0.012
Conscious awareness of body
0.05
(−0.15, 0.04)
0.240
0.01
0.06
(−0.12, 0.13)
0.921
Psychological distress
0.05
0.04
(−0.04, 0.13)
0.252
0.04
0.06
(−0.08, 0.14)
0.528
Perceived stress
0.00
0.08
(−0.16, 0.15)
0.979
0.10
(−0.23, 0.18)
0.794
Positive states of mind
0.15
(−0.70, −0.12)
0.0064
0.20
(−0.83, −0.03)
0.035
Improved sleep
2.43
0.66
(1.12, 3.74)
0.00038
2.55
0.80
(0.95, 4.16)
0.002
Hours of back exercise
0.26
(−1.04, −0.03)
0.040
0.31
(−0.92, 0.30)
0.307
DHEA change in diurnal average (log scale)
—
—
—
—
1.20
0.77
(−0.33, 2.73)
0.122
Average cortisol awakening response
—
—
—
—
0.39
(−1.49, 0.07)
0.073
RDQ: Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. Adjusted for baseline variables age, sex, BMI, back pain days, work type, pain traveling down the leg, bothersomeness, and RDQ. Same adjustments as main cohort analysis with the addition of alcohol, tobacco and medication use on the day of saliva sample collection.