Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Investigating the Effects of Three Needling Parameters (Manipulation, Retention Time, and Insertion Site) on Needling Sensation and Pain Profiles: A Study of Eight Deep Needling Interventions

Table 1

InterventionSiteRetention timeManipulation
LI4m+1LI41 minutePresent
LI4m−1LI41 minuteAbsent (simulated manipulation)
LI4m+21LI421 minutesPresent
LI4m−21LI421 minutesAbsent (simulated manipulation)
NAPm+1NAP1 minutePresent
NAPm−1NAP1 minuteAbsent (simulated manipulation)
NAPm+21NAP21 minutesPresent
NAPm−21NAP21 minutesAbsent (simulated manipulation)