Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Learning and Memory via Activation of the CREB Signaling Pathway in the Hippocampus to Attenuate Apoptosis after Cerebral Hypoperfusion

Figure 2

The traces of swimming in place navigation trials, the latency time to find the submerged platform, and the swimming speed of the five groups. The grey lines are the swimming traces, which end at the platforms (the small red circles in quadrant III). EA decreased the latency time of rats with cerebral hypoperfusion (a), and after ICV injection of H89, rats demonstrated prolonged latency (b), while there were no significant differences in the swimming speed either among the control, model, and EA groups or between the EA + NS and EA + H89 groups ((c) and (d)). The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. ANOVA statistical analyses were performed to compare the means among the control, model, and EA groups; ^△𝑃<0.01 compared with the control group; ^▲𝑃<0.05 compared with the model group. A 𝑡-test was used to compare the means between the EA + NS and EA + H89 groups; *𝑃<0.05 compared with the EA + NS group.