Research Article
Hepatoprotective Effects of Swimming Exercise against D-Galactose-Induced Senescence Rat Model
Table 2
Effects of swimming exercise training on the histological features of liver tissues.
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The grading and score with definition of lesions: 0 = no lesions; 1 = mild, 2 = moderate; and 3 = severe. Arrangement of hepatic cords and dilatation of sinusoid: normal; 1 = perivenular; 2 = extensive to midzone; and 3 = diffuse. Hepatocyte vacuolation: 0 = no vacuolation; 1 = 3–9 hepatocyte vacuolations; 2 = 10–30 hepatocyte vacuolations; and 3 = more than 30 hepatocyte vacuolations. Multi focal necrosis: 0 = no necrosis; 1 = 1–3 foci; 2 = 4–10 foci; 3 = more than 11 foci. Cholangio fibrosis: 0 = normal portal area; 1 = 3-4 portal areas; 2 = 5–8 portal areas; and 3 = more than 9 portal areas. Values are expressed as means ± SEM. C: vehicle treatment with sedentary control (); A: aging induction with sedentary control (); SW: vehicle treatment with swimming exercise (); and A + SW, aging induction with a 12-week swimming exercise (). * compared to the group A. |