Quercetin Preserves β-Cell Mass and Function in Fructose-Induced Hyperinsulinemia through Modulating Pancreatic Akt/FoxO1 Activation

Figure 5

Time-course (a) and dose-dependent (b) effects of quercetin on the elevated phosphorylation of Akt in fructose-treated INS-1 β-cells. INS-1 β-cells were treated with 1 mM fructose in the absence or presence of 5, 10, and 20 μM quercetin. Data were presented as the mean ± SEM of three to six independent experiments. ^##𝑃<0.01 relative to untreated control cells; **𝑃<0.01 relative to fructose-treated vehicle cells.

(a)

(b)