Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae): Botanical Properties, Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology

Table 5

Flavonoids isolated from B. pilosa [27].

S. N.	IUPAC names	Common names	Structure	Plant part; (Country)	References
71	2-[(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; methylene]-; 6-hydroxy-3(2H)-; benzofuranone	Sulfuretin		Aerial (China)	[62]
72	2-[(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; methylene]-; 6,7-dihydroxy-3(2H)-; benzofuranone	Aurone,; (Z)-6,7,3′,4′-; tetrahydroxy; maritimetin		Aerial (China)	[62]
73	2-[(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; methylene]-6-; (β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-7-; hydroxy-3(2H)-; benzofuranone	Aurone,; (Z)-6-O-β-D-; glucopyranosyl-; 6,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy; maritimein		Leaves (Japan and China); aerial (China)	[62, 80, 81]
74	2-[(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; methylene]-7-; (β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-; 6-hydroxy-3(2H)-; benzofuranone	Aurone,; (Z)-7-O-β-D-; glucopyranosyl-; 6,7,3′,4′-; tetrahydroxy		Leaves (Japan)	[80]
75	6-[(6-O-Acetyl-β-D-; glucopyranosyl)oxy]-2-; [(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-; methylene]-7-hydroxy-3(2H)-; benzofuranone	Aurone,; (Z)-6-O-(6-O-acetyl-; β-D-glucopyranosyl); -6,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy		Leaves (Not stated); aerial (China)	[62, 80]
76	6-[(3,6-di-O-Acetyl-β-D-; glucopyranosyl)oxy]-; 2-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-; methylene]-7-hydroxy-; 3(2H)-benzofuranone	Aurone, (Z)-6-O-; (3,6-di-O-acetyl-β-D-; glucropyranosyl)-; 6,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy; bidenoside A		Leaves (China)	[81]
77	6-[(4,6-di-O-Acetyl-β-D-; glucopyranosyl)oxy]-2-; [(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-; methylene]-7-hydroxy-; 3(2H)-benzofuranone	Aurone,; (Z)-6-O-(4′′,6′′-; diacetyl-β-D-; glucropyranosyl)-6,7,3′,4′-; tetrahydroxy		Leaves (not stated); aerial (China)	[61, 62, 82]
78	2-[(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; methylene]-7-; hydroxy-6-; [(2,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-; glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-; 3(2H)-benzofuranone	Aurone,; (Z)-6-O-(2′′,4′′,6′′-; triacetyl-β-D-; glucropyranosyl)-; 6,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy		Leaves (not stated); aerial (China)	[61, 82]
79	2-[(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; methylene]-7-hydroxy-6-; [(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-β-; D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-; 3(2H)-benzofuranone	Aurone,; (Z)-6-O-(3′′,4′′,6′′-; triacetyl-β-; D-glucropyranosyl)-; 6,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy		Aerial (China)	[61, 62]
80	2-[(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; methylene]-7-hydroxy-; 6-[[6-O-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-; 1-oxo-2-propenyl]-β-; D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-; 3(2H)-benzofuranone	Aurone,; (Z)-6-O-(6-O- p-coumaroyl-; β-D-glucropyranosyl)-; 6,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy		Leaves (Japan)	[80]
81	1-[2-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-; 4-hydroxyphenyl]-2-; hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-; propen-1-one	Chalcone, 𝛼,3,2′,4′-; tetrahydroxy-; 2′-O -β-D-glucopyranosyl		Aerial (China)	[62]
82	1-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-; 2-propen-1-one	Butein		Aerial (China)	[62]
83	3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; 1-(2,3,4-trihydroxyphenyl)-; 2-propen-1-one	Okanin		Leaves (China)	[81]
84	3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; 1-[3-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-; 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl]-2-propen-1-one	Okanin; 3′-O-β-D-glucoside		Leaves (Germany); flowers (Germany)	[82–84]
85	3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; 1-[4-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-; 2,3-dihydroxyphenyl]-; 2-propen-1-one	Okanin; 4′-O-β-D-glucoside		Flowers (Germany); leaves (Japan)	[80, 84]
86	Okanin 4′-O-β-D-(6′′-; O-acetylglucoside)			Flowers (Germany)	[84]
87	1-[4-[(4,6-di-O-Acetyl-; β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-; 2,3-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-; (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-; propen-1-one	Okanin; 4′-O-β-D-; (4′′,6′′-diacetyl)-; glucopyranoside		Aerial (China)	[61]
88	Okanin 4′-O-β-D-; (2′′,4′′,6′′-triacetyl)-; glucoside			Leaves (Germany)	[85]
89	Okanin 4′-O-β-D-; (3′′,4′′,6′′-triacetyl)-; glucoside			Aerial (China)	[61]
90	1-[2,3-Dihydroxy-4-; [[6-O-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-; oxo-2-propenyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-phenyl]-; 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-; 2-propen-1one	Okanin; 4′-O-β-D-(6′′-trans-; p-coumaroyl)-glucoside		Leaves (Germany)	[85]
91	Okanin 4′-O-β-D-(4′′-acetyl-6′′-trans-p-coumaroyl)-; glucoside			Leaves (Germany)	[86]
92	Okanin; 4′-O-β-D-(2′′,4′′-diacetyl-; 6′′-trans-p-coumaroyl)-; glucoside			Leaves (Germany)	[86]
93	Okanin; 4′-O-β-D-(3′′,4′′-diacetyl-6′′-; trans-p-coumaroyl)-; glucoside			Leaves (Germany)	[86]
94	Okanin4′-O- [β-D-glucopyranosyl-; (1→6)-β-D-; glucopyranoside			Flower (Germany)	[84]
95	Okanin 3′,4′-di-O-β-D-glucoside			Flower (Germany)	[84]
96	1-[3-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-; 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl]-; 3-(3-hydroxy)-; 4-methoxyphenyl)-; 2-propen-1-one	Okanin; 4-methyl ether-; 3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside		Leaves (Germany); aerial (China)	[62, 83]
97	Okanin 4-methyl ether-; 3′,4′-di-O-β-(4′′,6′′,4′′′,6′′′-tetraacetyl)-; glucopyranoside			Aerial (China)	[69]
98	Chalcone, 2′,4′,6′-trimethoxy-; 4-O-D-glucopyranosyl-dihydro		Not found	Leaves (China)	[81]
99	2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-; dihydro-7,8-dihydroxy-; 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	Okanin, iso		Leaves (China)	[81]
100	2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; 2,3-dihydro-8-hydroxy-; 7[(2,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-; glucopyranosyl)oxy]-4H-; 1-benzopyran-4-one			Aerial (China)	[61]
101	5,7-Dihydroxy-2-; (4-hydroxyphenyl)-; 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	Apigenin		Aerial (Tanzania; China)	[25, 69]
102	7-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-; 5-hydroxy-2-; (4-hydroxyphenyl)-; 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	Apigenin; 7-O-glucopyranoside		Aerial (Tanzania)	[25]
103	2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; 5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one	Luteolin		Aerial (Tanzania; China; Vietnam)	[25, 61, 62, 69, 87]
104	2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; 7-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-; 5hydroxy-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one	Luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside		Aerial (Tanzania)	[25]
105	5,7-Dimethoxy-6-; (5-methoxy-6-methyl-; 4-oxo-4H-pyran-3-yl)-; 2-phenyl-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one	5-O-Methylhosludin		Aerial (Uganda)	[88]
106	3-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-; 5,7-dihydroxy-2-; (4-hydroxyphenyl)-; 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	Astragalin; Kaempferol-3-O-; β-D-glucopyranoside		Aerial (China)	[62]
107	Kaempferol 3-; (2,3-di-E-p-coumaroyl-; α-L-rhamnopyranoside)		Not found	Aerial (Vietnam)	[87]
108	2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; 7-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-; 5-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-; 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	Axillaroside		Aerial (China)	[69]
109	5,7-Dihydroxy-2-; (3-hydroxy-4-; methoxyphenyl)-3,6-; dimethoxy-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one	Centaureidin		Whole (Taiwan)	[29]
110	7-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-; 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-; methoxyphenyl)-3,6-; dimethoxy-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one	Centaurein		Aerial (Japan); whole (Taiwan)	[29, 47, 89]
111	5-Hydroxy-2-; (3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-; 6,7-dimethoxy-4H-; chromen-4-one	Eupatorin, iso		Not found (China)	[64, 90]
112	2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-7-; (β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,5-dihydroxy-; 8-methoxy-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one			Not found (Japan)	[91]
113	7-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-; 5hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-; methoxyphenyl)-3,8-; dimehtoxy-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one			Not found (Japan)	[91]
114		Isorhamnetin 3-[O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-D-glucopyranoside]	Not found	Aerial (Vietnam)	[87]
115	7-[(6-deoxy-α-L-Mannopyranosyl)oxy]-; 3-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-; 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-; methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one	Luteoside		Aerial (China)	[69]
116	Luteolin 3-O-β-D-; Glucopyranoside			Aerial (Tanzania)	[25]
117	5,7-Dihydroxy-2-; (4-hydroxy-3-; methoxyphenyl)-3,6-; dimethoxy-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one	Quercetagetin 3,6,3′-trimethyl ether		Aerial (China)	[69]
118	6-((2S,3S,4S,5S)-; Tetrahydro-3,4,5-trihydroxy-; 6-(hydroxymethyl)-2H-; pyran-2-yloxy)-5-hydroxy-; 2-(4-hydroxy-3-; methoxyphenyl)-; 3,7-dimethoxy-4H-; chromen-4-one	Quercetagetin 3,7,3′-; trimethyl ether-6-O-β-glucoside		Aerial (China)	[69]
119	7-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-; 5-hydroxy-2-; (4-hydroxy-3-; methoxyphenyl)-3,6-; dimethoxy-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one	Jacein; Quercetin 3,6,3′-; trimethyl ether-7-O-β-glucoside		Aerial (Japan; China); whole (Taiwan)	[47, 69, 75]
120	2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; 3,5,7-trihydroxy-; 4H-1-benzopyran-; 4-one	Quercetin		Aerial (China); leaves (China); whole (China)	[62, 81, 92]
121	2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; 3-(β-D-galactopyranosyloxy)-; 5,7-dihydroxy-; 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	Quercetin 3-O-β-D-; galactoside; hyperin; hyperoside		Aerial (Tanzania; Japan); Leaves (China); Whole (China)	[25, 37, 64, 81, 89, 92]
122	2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; 3-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-; 5,7-dihydroxy-; 4H-1-benzopyran-; 4-one	Quercetin 3-O-β- D-glucopyranoside		Aerial (Tanzania; China; Japan); Leaves (Japan)	[25, 37, 62, 80]
123	2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-; 5,7-dihydroxy-; 4-oxo-4H-1-; benzopyran-3-yl-; β-D-glucopyranosiduronic; acid	Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside		Aerial (Tanzania; Japan)	[25, 89]
124	3-[[6-O-(6-; Deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl)-; β-D-galactopyranosyl]oxy]-; 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-; dihydroxy-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one	Quercetin 3-O-robinobioside		Aerial (Japan); Whole (Taiwan)	[47, 89]
125	7-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-; 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-; 3-methoxyphenyl)-; 3-methoxy-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one	Quercetin 3,3′-; dimethyl ether; 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside		Roots (Brazil)	[5, 77, 93]
126	7-[[6-O-(6-Deoxy-α-L-; mannopyranosyl)-; β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-; 5-hydroxy-2-; (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-; 3-methoxy-4H-1-; benzopyran-4-one	Quercetin 3,3′-; dimethyl ether 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-; (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside		Roots (Brazil)	[77, 93]
127	7-[[6-O-(6-Deoxy-α-L-; mannopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-5-; hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-; methoxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-; 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	Quercetin 3,4′-; dimethyl ether-7-O-rutinoside		Aerial (China)	[61, 62]
128	2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-; (β-D-glucofuranosyloxy)-5,7-; dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one	Isoquercitrin		Aerial (Japan; China)	[62, 89]
129	Quercetin 3-O-β-D-; galactopyranoside			Aerial (not stated)	[25]
130	Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside			Whole (Taiwan)	[47]