Review Article

Amyloidosis in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Toxicity of Amyloid Beta (Aβ), Mechanisms of Its Accumulation and Implications of Medicinal Plants for Therapy

Table 1

Some examples of amyloid proteins, their functional precursors, and related diseases.

Amyloid protein (abbreviation)Precursor proteinDiseaseDistribution/typeReference

AβAβ precursor protein Alzheimer’s diseaseLocalized/hereditary or Acquired[57]
AβAβ precursor protein Cerebral amyloid angiopathyLocalized/hereditary[58]
AIAPPPro-IAPPDiabetes mellitus type IILocalized/???[59]
ALImmunoglobulin light chainPrimary systemic amyloidosisSystemic/acquired[60]
AASerum amyloid ARheumatoid arthritisSystemic/acquired[61]
ATTRWild-type transthyretinSenile systemic amyloidosisSystemic/acquired[62]
ATTRTransthyretin variantFamilial amyloid polyneuropathySystemic/hereditary[63]
AFibFibrinogen α-chain variantFamilial amyloidosisSystemic/hereditary[64]
Aβ2MBeta 2 microglobulinHemodialysis-associated amyloidosisSystemic/acquired[65]
APrPSCPrion protein Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseLocalized/hereditary[66]
AANFAtrial natriuretic factor Isolated atrial amyloidosisLocalized/acquired[67]