Cervical Coupling Motion Characteristics in Healthy People Using a Wireless Inertial Measurement Unit

Table 2

Maximum angle of coupling motions on the natural test and the neutral test.

Primary	Coupling	Natural test (°)		Neutral test (°)
		Mean ± SD	ICC (95% CI)	Mean ± SD	ICC (95% CI)
Extension	Lateral bending	7.50±4.93	0.95 (0.90–0.98)	5.79±3.60	0.97 (0.93–0.99)
	Axial rotations	8.44±4.56	0.94 (0.88–0.98)	6.52±2.75	0.83 (0.65–0.94)
Flexion	Lateral bending	7.63±5.56	0.98 (0.97–0.99)	5.61±3.08	0.94 (0.87–0.98)
	Axial rotations	7.89±4.31	0.97 (0.94–0.99)	6.18±2.63	0.86 (0.70–0.95)
Left bending	Extension and flexion	13.14±6.22	0.95 (0.90–0.98)	9.93±4.86	0.96 (0.93–0.99)
	Axial rotations	12.21±5.78	0.93 (0.85–0.97)	12.35±5.71	0.95 (0.90–0.98)
Right bending	Extension and flexion	7.72±3.25	0.90 (0.78–0.96)	6.22±2.74	0.93 (0.86–0.97)
	Axial rotations	14.92±6.86	0.97 (0.94–0.99)	14.19±7.34	0.97 (0.95–0.99)
Left rotation	Lateral bending	7.59±4.20	0.97 (0.94–0.99)	5.59±3.12	0.95 (0.91–0.98)
	Extension and flexion	7.38±3.78	0.96 (0.92–0.98)	6.40±3.05	0.94 (0.88–0.98)
Right rotation	Lateral bending	7.09±3.31	0.97 (0.94–0.99)	6.34±3.58	0.96 (0.92–0.99)
	Extension and flexion	7.52±3.32	0.97 (0.93–0.99)	6.22±3.52	0.96 (0.91–0.98)

SD: standard deviation; ICC: intraclass correlation coefficient; CI: confidence interval.