Antiteratogenic Effects of 𝜷-Carotene in Cultured Mouse Embryos Exposed to Nicotine

Figure 5

Hypoxia inducible factor-1 α expression levels in E8.5 mouse embryos exposed to nicotine and β-carotene for 2 days in vitro. HIF-1α mRNA in embryos exposed to 1 mM nicotine in the absence or presence of 1 × 10⁻⁷ or 5 × 10⁻⁷ μM β-carotene (β-car) was measured by quantitative RT-PCR. Results are mean ± SEM (𝑛=8). β-actin was used as an internal standard to normalize target transcript expression. Significant differences (*control versus nicotine alone; ^#nicotine versus β-car + nicotine) were evaluated by one-way ANOVA at 𝑃<0.05.