Review Article

Cichorium intybus: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology

Table 2

Compounds isolated and identified from Cichorium intybus (chicory).

CompoundReference(s)

Lactucin [12, 31, 103]
Lactucopicrin[12, 31]
8-Deoxylactucin[31, 104]
Jacquilenin[103]
11 ,13-Dihydrolactucin[103]
11,13-Dihydrolactucopicrin[103, 104]
Crepidiaside B [103]
Cyanidin 3-O-p-(6-O-malonyl)-D-glucopyranoside[105]
3,4 -Dihydro-15-dehydrolactucopicrin[103]
Magnolialide[103]
Ixerisoside D[103]
Loliolide[103]
Cichorioside B[103, 104]
Sonchuside A[103, 104]
Artesin [103]
Cichoriolide[103]
Cichorioside[103]
Sonchuside C [103]
Cichopumilide[103]
Putrescine[83]
Spermidine[83]
-Sitosterol[7, 83]
Campesterol[83]
Stigmasterol[83]
(7S, 8R)-3′-Demethyl-dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-3′-O- -glucopyranoside[106]
Chlorogenic acid [19, 44, 106]
3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid[18, 106]
4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid[106]
Crepidiaside A[106]
Cichoralexin[26]
Malic acid[18]
Caffeic acid[18, 44]
3-Caffeoylquinic acid[18]
5-Caffeoylquinic acid[18]
4-Caffeoylquinic acid[18]
cis-5-Caffeoylquinic acid[18]
cis-Caftaric acid[18]
trans-Caftaric acid[18]
5-Caffeoylshikimic acid[18]
5-p-Coumaroylquinic acid[18]
Quercetin-3-O-glucuronide-7-O-(6′′-O-malonyl)-glucoside[18]
Kaempferol-3-O-glucosyl-7-O-(6′′-O-malonyl)-glucoside[18]
Dimethoxycinnamoyl shikimic acid[18]
Kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside[18]
Isorhamnetin-7-O-(6′′-O-acetyl)-glucoside[18]
5-O-Feruloylquinic acid[18]
Dicaffeoyltartaric acid (chicoric acid)[18]
Kaempferol-7-O-glucosyl-3-O-(6′′-malonyl)-glucoside[18]
Delphinidin-3-O-(6′′-O-malonyl)-glucoside-5-O-glucoside[18]
Cyanidin-3,5-di-O-(6′′-O-malonyl)-glucoside[18]
Cyanidin-3-O-(6′′-O-malonyl)-glucoside[18]
Petunidin-3-O-(6′′-O-malonyl)-glucoside[18]
Cyanidin[18, 105]
Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside[18]
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside[18, 105]
Cyanidin-3-O-(6′′-O-acetyl)-glucoside[18]
Malvidin-3-O-glucoside[18]
Pelargonidin-3-O-monoglucuronide[18]
4-O-Feruloylquinic acid[18]
Apigenin-7-O-glucoside[18]
Chrysoeriol-3-O-glucoside[18]
Tricin-3-O-glucoside[18]
1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid[18]
1,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid[18]
3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid[18]
Quercetin-7-O-galactoside[18]
Quercetin-3-O-(6′′-O-malonyl)-glucoside[18]
Quercetin-7-O-glucoside[18]
Quercetin-7-O-glucuronide[18]
Quercetin-7-O-(6′′-O-acetyl)-glucoside[18]
Kaempferide glucuronide[18]
Kaempferol-7-O-glucoside[18]
Kaempferol-7-O-rutinoside[18]
Quercetin-7-O-p-coumaroylglucoside[18]
Isorhamnetin-7-O-neohesperidoside[18]
Kaempferol-7-O-(6′′-O-malonyl)-glucoside[18]
Kaempferol-7-O-glucuronide[18]
Kaempferide-3-O-(6′′-O-malonyl)-glucoside[18]
Kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide[18]
Kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide-7-O-glucoside[18]
Kaempferol-3-O-(6′′-O-malonyl)-glucoside[18]
Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside[18]
Myricetin-7-O-(6′′-O-malonyl)-glucoside[18]
Kaempferol-7-O-neohesperidoside[18]
Kaempferol-7-O-(6′′-O-acetyl)-glucoside[18]
Kaempferol-3-O-(6′′-O-acetyl)-glucoside[18]
Isorhamnetin-7-O-glucoside[18]
Isorhamnetin-7-O-glucuronide[18]
Delphinidin 3,5-di-O-(6-O-malonyl- -D-glucoside) [19]
Delphinidin 3-O-(6-O-malonyl- -D-glucoside)-5-O- -D-glucoside[19]
Delphinidin 3-O- -D-glucoside-5-O-(6-O-malonyl- -D-glucoside)[19]
Delphinidin 3,5-di-O- -D-glucoside[19]
3-O-p-Coumaroyl quinic acid[19]
Cyanidin 3-O- -(6-O-malonyl)-D-glucopyranoside [105]
Quercetin 3-O- -D-glucoside [19]
Oxalic acid[67]
Shikimic acid[67]
Quinic acid[67]
Succinic acid[67]