Research Article

Resveratrol Impedes the Stemness, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, and Metabolic Reprogramming of Cancer Stem Cells in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma through p53 Activation

Figure 6

Loss of p53 expression reversed the effects of resveratrol on CSCs. Resveratrol and p53 overexpression had similar effects on TW01 CSCs in (a) OCR/ECAR ratio measurement, (b) tumor sphere formation assay, (c) soft agar assay, (d) cell viability assay under 5 Gy and 10 Gy irradiation, (e) cell viability assay under cisplatin (8 μM) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; 10 μM) treatment, and (f) invasive capacity assay. Repressing p53 expression diminished resveratrol effects. (g) Resveratrol and p53 overexpression suppressed Oct4 expression in TW01 CSCs. Loss of p53 expression reversed the effects of resveratrol. (h) Similarly, resveratrol and p53 overexpression reversed EMT process with increased E-cadherin (E-cad) and decreased vimentin (Vim) expression. Loss of p53 expression reversed the effects of resveratrol. Scale bars in (g) and (h) indicate 25 μm. (i) Upregulation of miR-145 and miR-200c was detected in resveratrol-treated and p53 overexpressed CSCs. Blocking p53 expression could reverse their expressions. Results were normalized with RNU6B and compared with that in TW01 parental cells. (shLuc: CSCs with shLuc as a control; RV: CSCs with resveratrol treatment; : CSCs with p53 overexpression; RV + shp53: resveratrol-treated CSCs with p53 knockdown; RV group and group were compared with shLuc group; RV + shp53 group was compared with RV group; * ; ** ).
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