Eupafolin and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Kalanchoe gracilis Stem Extract Show Potent Antiviral Activities against Enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus A16
Figure 2
Inhibitory effects of KGS extract on viral cytopathicity and yield in RD cells. EV71 or CoxA16 at MOI of 0.1 mixed with indicated KGS extract concentration was immediately added to RD cell culture. Virus-induced cytopathic effect was photographed 36 h postinfection by reverse-phase microscopy ((a), (b)). Virus yield in each cultured supernatant was measured by real-time RT-PCR in time- (c) or concentration- (d) dependent manner. Delta Ct value was calculated by subtracting Ct value for viral load in cultured supernatant of KGS extract-treated infected cells from Ct value for viral load in cultured supernatant of infected cells without treatment. value < 0.001 by Scheffe’s test.
