Reconstructive Effects of Percutaneous Electrical Stimulation Combined with GGT Composite on Large Bone Defect in Rats

Table 1

The volume of new bone formation measured with micro-CT scan.

Implantation time	With/without ES	Volume (mm^3); Mean ± SD
Four weeks*	With ES	16.70 ± 2.62
	Without ES	12.36 ± 2.24
Eight weeks*	With ES	22.03 ± 2.84
	Without ES	16.31 ± 2.49
Twelve weeks**	With ES	27.85 ± 2.16
	Without ES	18.29 ± 1.57

The volume of the newly-formed bone was determined in each implantation period (𝑛=4) (*𝑃<0.05, **𝑃<0.01).