Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Potential of Justicia flava and Lannea welwitschii

Table 5

Summary of wound closures for selected time points. Values aremean wound area (mm²) ± SEM for untreated wounds and wounds treated with 1% w/w silver sulphadiazine, 7.5% w/w J. flava extract cream (JF), 7.5% w/w L. welwitschii extract cream (LWL), and cream only. 𝑁=5 rats per group. Data analysed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test.

Day	Untreated wounds	Silver sulphadiazine (1% w/w)	Cream only	LWL (7.5% w/w)	JF (7.5% w/w)
1	519.62±113.01	460.67±100.78	388.22±119.65	623.80±101.56	453.41±48.99
3	400.59±72.97	290.87±77.59	310.71±111.47	406.40±58.77	374.91±163.66
5	375.50±117.88	194.86±58.56^∗∗	242.29±74.09	300.69±55.28	219.87±30.85
7	236.99±45.97	142.43±52.16	159.32±51.24	194.11±71.80	137.92±27.16
9	167.41±42.92	80.47±39.52^∗∗	103.44±48.03	134.58±49.26	76.89±23.31^∗∗
11	112.74±28.62	24.31±18.70^∗∗∗	57.61±29.41	66.48±21.49^∗	40.37±18.00^∗∗
13	73.00±26.54	13.51±8.70^∗∗∗	33.58±18.89	26.15±12.00^∗∗	13.74±8.15^∗∗∗
15	46.14±20.08	2.40±2.93^∗∗∗	19.87±12.15	4.95±3.28^∗∗	3.65±2.60^∗∗∗
17	27.72±13.20	0.63±1.40^∗∗	9.07±8.29	0.32±0.43^∗∗	0.63±0.35^∗∗
19	17.67±9.75	0	3.65±4.39^∗∗	0	0
21	17.67±9.57	0	0.51±0.78^∗∗	0	0

^∗𝑃<0.05, ^∗∗𝑃<0.01, and ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001 were considered statistically significant compared to the untreated wounds.