Protective Role of Psoralea corylifolia L. Seed Extract against Hepatic Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Oxidative Stress or Aging
Figure 4
Effects of the PCS extract on H2O2-induced mitochondria dysfunction in hepatocytes. (a) HepG2 cells were treated with 50 μM H2O2 for 2 h. After H2O2, 500 μg/mL of the PCS extract was added and cells were incubated for 24 h. ATP levels and the ADP/ATP ratio were measured. * versus (−)/H2O2. (b)-(c) Primary hepatocytes were isolated from young (2 months old) and old (20 months old) mice. Cells were treated without (−) or with 400 μg/mL of PCS extract for 24 h, and the ATP levels (b) and ADP/ATP ratios (c) were measured. * versus (−)/old. (d) HepG2 cells were treated with 50 μM H2O2 for 2 h. After H2O2, 0.5–4.0 μg/mL of bakuchiol was added and the cells were incubated for 24 h. The ATP levels were measured. * versus (−)/H2O2. (e) HepG2 cells were cultured on Seahorse XF-24 plates. After overnight incubation, cells were treated without (−) or with 200 μg/mL of the PCS extract for 20 h, and H2O2 was added during the OCR measurement. The OCR was automatically calculated and recorded by the Seahorse XF-24. (f) The OCR of the end of measurement time. * versus (−)/H2O2. (g)-(h) HepG2 cells were treated without (−) or with the PCS extract for 24 h, and 2 (g) or 4 (h) mM H2O2 was added for the last 6 h. The reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential was determined using a mitochondrial membrane potential assay kit (* versus (−)/H2O2. CON, no treatment. Resveratrol (Res, 50 μM) was used as a positive control.
