Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 706125, 18 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/706125
Review Article
Tianma Gouteng Yin as Adjunctive Treatment for Essential Hypertension: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
1Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
2School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
3Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4L8
Received 11 December 2012; Revised 28 March 2013; Accepted 31 March 2013
Academic Editor: Aiping Lu
Copyright © 2013 Jie Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Linked References
- K. Sliwa, S. Stewart, and B. J. Gersh, “Hypertension: a global perspective,” Circulation, vol. 123, no. 24, pp. 2892–2896, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- G. Mancia, G. De Backer, A. Dominiczak et al., “2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension. The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC),” Journal of Hypertension, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 1105–1187, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- Y. Wu, R. Huxley, L. Li et al., “Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in China data from the China National Nutrition and Health Survey 2002,” Circulation, vol. 118, no. 25, pp. 2679–2686, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. Gu, K. Reynolds, X. Wu et al., “Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in China,” Hypertension, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 920–927, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- G. Mancia, S. Laurent, E. Agabiti-Rosei et al., “Reappraisal of European guidelines on hypertension management: a European Society of Hypertension Task Force document,” Journal of Hypertension, vol. 27, no. 11, pp. 2121–2158, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. H. Alderman and T. Ogihara, “Global challenge for overcoming high blood pressure: Fukuoka Statement, 19 October 2006,” Journal of Hypertension, vol. 25, no. 3, p. 727, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. Ezzati, A. D. Lopez, A. Rodgers, S. Vander Hoorn, and C. J. L. Murray, “Selected major risk factors and global and regional burden of disease,” Lancet, vol. 360, no. 9343, pp. 1347–1360, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- P. M. Kearney, M. Whelton, K. Reynolds, P. Muntner, P. K. Whelton, and J. He, “Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data,” Lancet, vol. 365, no. 9455, pp. 217–223, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. MacMahon, M. H. Alderman, L. H. Lindholm, L. Liu, R. A. Sanchez, and Y. K. Seedat, “Blood-pressure-related disease is a global health priority,” Lancet, vol. 371, no. 9623, pp. 1480–1482, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. Yach, C. Hawkes, C. L. Gould, and K. J. Hofman, “The global burden of chronic diseases: overcoming impediments to prevention and control,” Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 291, no. 21, pp. 2616–2622, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. Yusuf, S. Reddy, S. Ôunpuu, and S. Anand, “Global burden of cardiovascular diseases,” Circulation, vol. 104, pp. 2855–2864, 2001. View at Google Scholar
- C. M. Lawes, S. V. Hoorn, and A. Rodgers, “Global burden of blood-pressure-related disease, 2001,” Lancet, vol. 371, no. 9623, pp. 1513–1518, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- P. M. Kearney, M. Whelton, K. Reynolds, P. K. Whelton, and J. He, “Worldwide prevalence of hypertension: a systematic review,” Journal of Hypertension, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 11–19, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. Farsang, L. Naditch-Brule, A. Avogaro et al., “Where are we with the management of hypertension? From science to clinical practice,” Journal of Clinical Hypertension, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 66–73, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. V. Chobanian, G. L. Bakris, H. R. Black et al., “Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure,” Hypertension, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 1206–1252, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. Baumhäkel, N. Schlimmer, and M. Böhm, “Effect of irbesartan on erectile function in patients with hypertension and metabolic syndrome,” International Journal of Impotence Research, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 493–500, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- L. C. Keene and P. H. Davies, “Drug-related erectile dysfunction,” Adverse Drug Reactions and Toxicological Reviews, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 5–24, 1999. View at Google Scholar
- I. N. Mohamed, P. J. Helms, C. R. Simpson, and J. S. McLay, “Using routinely collected prescribing data to determine drug persistence for the purpose of pharmacovigilance,” Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 279–284, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- F. Cheung, “TCM: made in China,” Nature, vol. 480, no. 7378, supplement, pp. S82–S83, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- H. Xu and K. Chen, “Integrative medicine: the experience from China,” Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 3–7, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. M. Crow, “The healthy gut feeling,” Nature, vol. 480, no. 7378, supplement, pp. S88–S89, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- L. Liu, “The clinical trial barriers,” Nature, vol. 480, no. 7378, supplement, p. S100, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- H. Xu and K. J. Chen, “Complementary and alternative medicine: is it possible to be mainstream?” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 403–404, 2012. View at Google Scholar
- R. Nahas, “Complementary and alternative medicine approaches to blood pressure reduction: an evidence-based review,” Canadian Family Physician, vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 1529–1533, 2008. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- E. Ernst, “Complementary/alternative medicine for hypertension: a mini-review,” Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, vol. 123, pp. 386–391, 2005. View at Google Scholar
- M. Y. Liu and K. J. Chen, “Convergence: the tradition and the modern,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 164–165, 2012. View at Google Scholar
- K. J. Chen, “Where are we going?” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 100–101, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- H. L. Park, H. S. Lee, B. C. Shin et al., “Traditional medicine in China, Korea, and Japan: a brief introduction and comparison,” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2012, Article ID 429103, 9 pages, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- P. Tian, “Where west meets east,” Nature, vol. 480, no. 7378, supplement, pp. S84–S86, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- A. P. Lu, H. W. Jia, C. Xiao, and Q. P. Lu, “Theory of traditional Chinese medicine and therapeutic method of diseases,” World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 10, pp. 1854–1856, 2004. View at Google Scholar
- X. J. Xiong, F. Y. Chu, H. X. Li, and Q. Y. He, “Clinical application of the TCM classic formulae for treating chronic bronchitis,” Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 69–72, 2011. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. Jiang, C. Zhang, G. Zheng et al., “Traditional Chinese medicine Zheng in the era of evidence-based medicine: a literature analysis,” Evidence-Based Complementary and AlternativeMedicine, vol. 2012, Article ID 409568, 9 pages, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- M. Jiang, C. Lu, C. Zhang et al., “Syndrome differentiation in modern research of traditional Chinese medicine,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 140, pp. 634–642, 2012. View at Google Scholar
- M. Jiang, C. Zhang, H. Cao, K. Chan, and A. Lu, “The role of Chinese medicine in the treatment of chronic diseases in China,” Planta Medica, vol. 77, no. 9, pp. 873–881, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. Wang, P. Q. Wang, and X. J. Xiong, “Current situation and re-understanding of syndrome and formula syndrome in Chinese medicine,” Internal Medicine, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- A. P. Lu, M. Jiang, C. Zhang, and K. Chan, “An integrative approach of linking traditional Chinese medicine pattern classification and biomedicine diagnosis,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 141, no. 2, pp. 549–556, 2012. View at Google Scholar
- J. Wang and X. J. Xiong, “Current situation and perspectives of clinical study in integrative medicine in China,” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2012, Article ID 268542, 11 pages, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- K. J. Chen, “Clinical service of Chinese medicine,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 163–164, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. P. Lu and K. J. Chen, “Integrative medicine in clinical practice: from pattern differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine to disease treatment,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 15, no. 2, p. 152, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- H. Li, L. T. Liu, W. M. Zhao et al., “Effect of traditional and integrative regimens on quality of life and early renal impairment in elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 216–221, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- G. W. Zhong, M. J. Chen, Y. H. Luo et al., “Effect of Chinese herbal medicine for calming Gan and suppressing hyperactive yang on arterial elasticity function and circadian rhythm of blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 414–420, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. J. Xiong, X. C. Yang, W. Liu et al., “Banxia Baizhu Tianma decoction for essential hypertension: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials,” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2012, Article ID 271462, 10 pages, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- J. Wang, K. W. Yao, X. C. Yang et al., “Chinese patent medicine liu wei di huang wan combined with antihypertensive drugs, a new integrative medicine therapy, for the treatment of essential hypertension: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials,” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2012, Article ID 714805, 7 pages, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- A. P. Lu and K. J. Chen, “Chinese medicine pattern diagnosis could lead to innovation in medical sciences,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 17, no. 11, pp. 811–817, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- H. Xu and K. J. Chen, “Integrating traditional medicine with biomedicine towards a patient-centered healthcare system,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 83–84, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. Wang and X. J. Xiong, “Control strategy on hypertension in Chinese medicine,” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2012, Article ID 284847, 6 pages, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- H. Q. Jiang, Y. L. Li, and J. Xie, “Urine metabonomic study on hypertension patients of ascendant hyperactivity of gan yang syndrome by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with time of flight mass spectrometry,” Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 333–337, 2012. View at Google Scholar
- Y. Jin, S. Hu, and D. Yan, “Study on molecular mechanism of ganyang shangkang syndrome in hypertension,” Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 87–90, 2000. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. H. Yang, J. M. Lin, J. Xie, H. Q. Jiang, and Y. L. Li, “Study on the metabolin difference of hypertension patients of gan-yang hyperactivity syndrome and yin-yang deficiency syndrome,” Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi, vol. 32, no. 9, pp. 1204–1207, 2012. View at Google Scholar
- W. L. Li, X. Y. Chen, and X. L. Wu, “Effects of Tianma Gouteng decoction on mRNA expression of CaL-α1C and PM-CA1 in vascular smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rat,” Zhong Cheng Yao, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 1175–1179, 2009. View at Google Scholar
- C. L. Cai, M. Y. Li, Z. H. Xing, W. P. Liu, H. Y. Tan, and C. Zhang, “Effects of Tianma Gouteng decoction on SOD and MDA in hypertensive patients with liver yang hyperactivity syndrome,” Jia Ting Yi Xue Za Zhi, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 321–322, 2005. View at Google Scholar
- Z. Z. Lin, Z. H. Xing, C. L. Cai, H. Y. Tan, and C. Zhang, “Effects of tianma gouteng decoction on the plasma endothelin of patients with primary hypertension of hyperactivity of the liver yang,” Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation, vol. 8, no. 27, pp. 5992–5993, 2004. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- Z. H. Xing, C. L. Cai, H. Y. Tan, and Z. Z. Lin, “Effect of Tianma Gouteng decoction on the curative efficacy and quality of life in patients with essential hypertension,” Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation, vol. 8, no. 15, pp. 2880–2881, 2004. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. N. Mo, Y. B. Yang, S. X. Huang, and J. C. Liu, “Effects of Tianma Gouteng decoction on vascular remodeling in hypertensive rat,” Zhongguo Shi Yan Fang Ji Xue Za Zhi, vol. 17, no. 9, pp. 149–152, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- X. J. Duan, X. Zeng, X. Zhang, and R. M. Ou, “Effects of Tianma Gouteng decoction on Ang II, ALD and liver protein expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats with liver yang hyperactivity syndrome,” Zhongguo Shi Yan Fang Ji Xue Za Zhi, vol. 16, no. 16, pp. 160–162, 2010. View at Google Scholar
- J. H. Sun, “Effect of Tianma Gouteng decoction on myocardial fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats,” Guangzhou Zhong Yi Yao Da Xue Xue Bao, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 438–441, 2008. View at Google Scholar
- Y. P. Gong, M. W. Ni, X. H. Song, Z. Q. Cheng, and H. P. Gu, “Experimental study of Tianma Gouteng decoction on insulin resistance in spontaneously hypertensive rats with liver yang hyperactivity syndrome,” Zhejiang Zhong Yi Xue Yuan Xue Bao, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 62–64, 2005. View at Google Scholar
- Q. Y. Yang and H. R. Sun, “Effect and clinical significance of Tianma Gouteng decoction on TGF-β1 and Bcl-2 in patients with essential hypertension,” Zhong Yi Yan Jiu, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 24–26, 2006. View at Google Scholar
- Z. Z. Lin and Z. H. Xing, “A clinical observation on the therapeutic effect of Tianma Gouteng decoction on the plasma level of endothelin among patients with hypertension,” Hunan Zhong Yi Xue Yuan Xue Bao, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 13–14, 2003. View at Google Scholar
- W. P. Liu, Z. H. Xing, and Z. Z. Lin, “Effect of Tianma Gouteng decoction on plasma nitric oxide of the patients with essential hypertension,” Zhongguo Kang Fu, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 291–292, 2003. View at Google Scholar
- Y. B. Li, M. Cui, Y. Yang et al., “Similarity of traditional Chinese medicine formula,” Zhong Hua Zhong Yi Yao Xue Kan, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 1096–1097, 2012. View at Google Scholar
- J. P. T. Higgins and S. Green, “Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions, version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011],” The Cochrane Collaboration, 2009, http://www.cochrane-handbook.org/.
- S. F. Wang, Q. F. Li, J. G. Wang, and N. Mei, “A clinical observation on the therapeutic effect of Dan Shao Tianma Gouteng decoction combined with captopril on hypertension,” Heilongjiang Zhong Yi Yao, no. 4, pp. 10–11, 1998. View at Google Scholar
- B. W. Ren and X. M. Zhao, “Effect of modified Tianma Gouteng yin on 30 cases of essential hypertension with liver yang hyperactivity syndrome,” Zhongguo Yao Ye, vol. 21, no. 16, p. 89, 2012. View at Google Scholar
- R. Fu, “Effect of modified Tianma Gouteng yin on essential hypertension with liver yang hyperactivity syndrome,” Liaoning Zhong Yi Xue Yuan Xue Bao, vol. 7, no. 6, p. 595, 2005. View at Google Scholar
- F. L. Qin, “The Clinical effects comparision of Tianma Gouteng yin and Tianma Gouteng particle on treating hypertension,” Zhongguo Dang Dai Yi Yao, vol. 17, no. 10, pp. 72–73, 2010. View at Google Scholar
- S. Y. Hu, S. X. Xian, L. C. Zhao, Z. Yu, Y. H. Wu, and Y. H. Qi, “Effect of Tianma Gouteng yin decoction on serum procollagen III and aldosterone and angiotensin II in essential hypertension,” Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xin Nao Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 512–513, 2009. View at Google Scholar
- J. H. Sun and X. W. Huang, “Clinical studies of Tianma Gouteng yin decoction combined with hydrochlorothiazide for the treatment of elderly patients with hypertension,” Zhong Yao Xin Yao Yu Lin Chuang Yao Li, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 412–414, 2007. View at Google Scholar
- Q. Wang, F. Li, and X. M. Fang, “Effect of Tianma Gouteng yin decoction and captopril on blood pressure and inflammatory factor in patients with essential hypertension,” Zhong Yi Za Zhi, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 32–34, 2008. View at Google Scholar
- X. M. Fang, F. Li, J. S. He, and Q. Wang, “Effect of Tianma Gouteng yin decoction and captopril on 30 cases of hypertensive patients,” Shanxi Zhong Yi, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 308–310, 2008. View at Google Scholar
- M. X. Li, “A clinical observation on the therapeutic effect of modified Tianma Gouteng yin on 48 cases of essential hypertension with liver yang hyperactivity syndrome,” Jilin Zhong Yi Yao, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 15–16, 2006. View at Google Scholar
- Y. F. Liu, “Effect of Tianma Gouteng yin decoction combined with amlodipine on hypertension with liver yang hyperactivity syndrome,” Shenzhen Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 239–241, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- C. B. Liu, L. J. Wang, H. B. Ren, and X. C. Jiang, “Effect of Tianma Gouteng yin decoction combined with perindopril on 30 cases of hypertension,” Zhong Yi Yao Xue Bao, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 55–56, 2009. View at Google Scholar
- X. J. Chen, “Effect of Tianma Gouteng yin decoction combined with captopril on 50 patients with essential hypertension,” Shanxi Zhong Yi, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 681–683, 2009. View at Google Scholar
- S. Y. Zhang and X. Y. Yang, “A clinical observation on the therapeutic effect of Tianma Gouteng yin decoction combined with western medicine on hypertension with anxiety,” Tianjin Zhong Yi Yao, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 191–193, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- L. Y. Liu and R. Li, “A clinical observation on the therapeutic effect of Tianma Gouteng yin decoction on 100 cases of hypertension with liver yang hyperactivity syndrome,” Ya Tai Chuan Tong Yi Yao, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 58–59, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- Y. L. Wei, “Effect of Tianma Gouteng yin decoction on 49 cases of hypertension with liver yang hyperactivity syndrome,” Shenzhen Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 310–312, 2012. View at Google Scholar
- M. F. Li, “A clinical observation on the therapeutic effect of Tianma Gouteng yin decoction on 120 cases of hypertension with liver yang hyperactivity syndrome,” Zhong Yi Yao Dao Bao, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 38–39, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- J. Z. Lin and Y. Y. Liu, “A clinical observation on the therapeutic effect of Tianma Gouteng yin decoction on hypertension of young and middle-aged,” Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xin Nao Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi, vol. 8, no. 6, p. 649, 2010. View at Google Scholar
- Y. L. Zhou and Y. K. Zhang, “Effect of integrative medicine on 36 cases of essential hypertension with liver yang hyperactivity syndrome,” Shanxi Zhong Yi, vol. 27, no. 2, p. 24, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- X. J. Chen, “The clinical observation on high blood pressure with combined treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine: a report of 50 cases,” Shanxi Zhong Yi, vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 27–28, 2008. View at Google Scholar
- W. X. Du, “Effect of integrative medicine on 50 cases of essential hypertension,” Hunan Zhong Yi Za Zhi, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 30–31, 2012. View at Google Scholar
- M. Cheng, “A clinical observation on the therapeutic effect of integrative medicine on 50 cases of essential hypertension,” Zhong Yi Yao Dao Bao, vol. 16, no. 9, pp. 46–47, 2010. View at Google Scholar
- X. Q. Zhu, “Clinical effects on integrative Chinese and western medicine in treating essential hypertention,” Hunan Zhong Yi Yao Da Xue Xue Bao, vol. 29, no. 12, pp. 67–69, 2009. View at Google Scholar
- H. Xu and K. J. Chen, “Making evidence-based decisions in the clinical practice of integrative medicine,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 483–485, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. J. Xiong, “Study on the history of formulas corresponding to syndromes,” Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 581–588, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. I. Kim, J. Y. Choi, H. Lee, M. S. Lee, and E. Ernst, “Moxibustion for hypertension: a systematic review,” BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, vol. 10, article 33, 2010. View at Google Scholar
- J. Wang, X. C. Yang, B. Feng et al., “Is Yangxue Qingnao Granule combined with antihypertensive drugs, a new integrative medicine therapy, more effective than antihypertensive therapy alone in treating essential hypertension?” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2013, Article ID 540613, 8 pages, 2013. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- M. S. Lee, T. Y. Choi, B. C. Shin, J. I. Kim, and S. S. Nam, “Cupping for hypertension: a systematic review,” Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, vol. 32, no. 7, pp. 423–425, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. S. Lee, M. H. Pittler, R. E. Taylor-Piliae, and E. Ernst, “Tai chi for cardiovascular disease and its risk factors: a systematic review,” Journal of Hypertension, vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 1974–1975, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. J. Xiong, X. C. Yang, B. Feng et al., “Zhen gan xi feng decoction, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, for the treatment of essential hypertension: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials,” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2013, Article ID 982380, 9 pages, 2013. View at Google Scholar
- M. S. Lee, M. H. Pittler, R. Guo, and E. Ernst, “Qigong for hypertension: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials,” Journal of Hypertension, vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 1525–1532, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. S. Lee, E. N. Lee, J. I. Kim, and E. Ernst, “Tai chi for lowering resting blood pressure in the elderly: a systematic review,” Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 818–824, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. J. Xiong, X. C. Yang, Y. M. Liu, Y. Zhang, P. Q. Wang, and J. Wang, “Chinese herbal formulas for treating hypertension in traditional Chinese medicine: perspective of modern science,” Hypertension Research, 2013. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- H. W. Zhang, J. Tong, G. Zhou, H. Jia, and J. Y. Jiang, “Tianma Gouteng Yin Formula for treating primary hypertension,” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 6, Article ID CD008166, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- D. X. Dong, S. L. Yao, N. Yu, and B. Yang, “Systematic review and meta-analysis of Tianma Gouteng Yin combined with enalapril for essential hypertension,” Zhongguo Zhong Yi Ji Zheng, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 762–764, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- T. J. Kaptchuk, “The placebo effect in alternative medicine: can the performance of a healing ritual have clinical significance?” Annals of Internal Medicine, vol. 136, no. 11, pp. 817–825, 2002. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- H. Brody and F. G. Miller, “Lessons from recent research about the placebo effect: from art to science,” Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 306, no. 23, pp. 2612–2613, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- W. Chen, C. E. Danforn Lin, H. J. Kang, and J. P. Liu, “Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of Type A H1N1 Influenza: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials,” Plos ONE, vol. 6, no. 12, Article ID e28093.
- J. Wang and X. J. Xiong, “Outcome measures of Chinese herbal medicine for hypertension: an overview of systematic reviews,” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2012, Article ID 697237, 7 pages, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- X. J. Xiong and J. Wang, “Discussion of related problems in herbal prescription science based on objective indications of herbs,” Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 20–24, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- H. Xu and K. J. Chen, “Herb-drug interaction: an emerging issue of integrative medicine,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 195–196, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. J. Xiong, J. Wang, and Q. Y. He, “Application status and safety countermeasures of traditional Chinese medicine injections,” Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 307–311, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. Xiong, J. Wang, and Q. He, “Thinking about reducing adverse reactions based on idea of formula corresponding to syndromes,” Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 536–538, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. P. Lu, Z. X. Bian, and K. J. Chen, “Bridging the traditional Chinese medicine pattern classification and biomedical disease diagnosis with systems biology,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 18, no. 12, pp. 883–890, 2012. View at Google Scholar
- A. Ferreira, “Integrative medicine for hypertension: the earlier the better for treating who and what are not yet ill,” Hypertension Research, 2013. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- M. Jiang, J. Yang, C. Zhang et al., “Clinical studies with traditional Chinese medicine in the past decade and future research and development,” Planta Medica, vol. 76, no. 17, pp. 2048–2064, 2010. View at Google Scholar
- A. P. Lu, X. R. Ding, and K. J. Chen, “Current situation and progress in integrative medicine in China,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 234–240, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. Lu, C. Xiao, G. Chen et al., “Cold and heat pattern of rheumatoid arthritis in traditional Chinese medicine: distinct molecular signatures indentified by microarray expression profiles in CD4-positive T cell,” Rheumatology International, vol. 32, pp. 61–68, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. J. Xiong and J. Wang, “Explaining syndromes of decoction for removing blood stasis in chest,” Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, vol. 36, no. 21, pp. 3026–3031, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- M. Jiang, C. Xiao, G. Chen et al., “Correlation between cold and hot pattern in traditional Chinese medicine and gene expression profiles in rheumatoid arthritis,” Frontiers of Medicine, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 219–228, 2011. View at Google Scholar
- X. Xiong and J. Wang, “Thought and method of treating dyslipidemia,” Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi, vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 1349–1351, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. J. Xiong and J. Wang, “Experience of diagnosis and treatment of exogenous high-grade fever,” Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 681–687, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- B. C. Shin, S. Kim, and Y. H. Cho, “Syndrome pattern and its application in parallel randomized controlled trials,” Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 163–171, 2013. View at Google Scholar