Beneficial Effect of 7-O-Galloyl-D-sedoheptulose, a Polyphenol Isolated from Corni Fructus, against Diabetes-Induced Alterations in Kidney and Adipose Tissue of Type 2 Diabetic db/db Mice

Table 2

Biomarkers associated with lipids, oxidative stress, and inflammation in serum.

Group	Dose (mg/kg body weight/day)	Triglycerides (mg/dL)	Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	NEFA (mEq/L)	HDL-C (mg/dL)	LDL/VLDL-C (mg/dL)
𝑚/𝑚	—	114±9^c	110±8^c	0.62±0.02^c	51.01±3.55^c	522±4^b
𝑑𝑏/𝑑𝑏
Veh	—	263±21	186±8	2.55±0.06	80.95±2.49	570±17
GS	20	198±16^a	179±14	1.98±0.04^c	90.88±7.68	394±21^a
GS	100	175±8^b	163±11	1.56±0.15^c	95.88±3.16^b	355±13^c
Group	Dose (mg/kg body weight/day)	ROS (fluorescence/min/mL)	TBARS (nmol/mL)	Adiponectin (ng/mL)	Resistin (pg/mL)	TNF-𝛼 (pg/mL)	IL-6 (pg/mL)
𝑚/𝑚	—	790±175^a	18.33±0.46^c	6.32±0.27^c	522±4^b	117±17^a	11.08±0.33^c
𝑑𝑏/𝑑𝑏
Veh	—	1,563  ± 144	22.48±0.51	3.18±0.09	570±17	261±28	21.27±2.07
GS	20	950±112^a	11.88±1.45	3.68±0.12^b	394±21^c	162±30^a	14.90±2.07
GS	100	840±70^b	9.06±1.19^c	4.63±0.19^c	355±13^c	133±13^b	12.45±1.19^b

𝑚/𝑚, Misty; Veh, vehicle-treated 𝑑𝑏/𝑑𝑏 mice; GS20, GS20 mg/kg body weight-treated 𝑑𝑏/𝑑𝑏 mice; GS100, GS100 mg/kg body weight-treated 𝑑𝑏/𝑑𝑏 mice. The results are presented as the means ± S.E.M. ^a𝑃<0.05, ^b𝑃<0.01, ^c𝑃<0.001 versus vehicle-treated 𝑑𝑏/𝑑𝑏 mouse values.