Review Article
A Systematic Review of Biopsychosocial Training Programs for the Self-Management of Emotional Stress: Potential Applications for the Military
Table 2
Randomized controlled trials (
) by SIGN score and significance level*.
| | SIGN quality rating | ++ | + | − | ++ | + | − |
Total | | Significance level* | | |
| | Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) | 3 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 13 | | Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management (CBSM) | 2 | 6 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 14 | | Autogenic Training (AT) | 0 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 | | Relaxation Response Training (RRT) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | | Yoga + Similar Meditation Techniques | 0 | 3 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 15 | | Relaxation + Similar Mind-Body Techniques | | | 24 | 0 | 4 | 6 | 45 | | (1) Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy-Based Programs | 1 | 3 | | | | | | | (2) Stress-Management Training Programs (SMTP) | 0 | 3 | | | | | | | (3) Guided Imagery and/or Relaxation, and Breathing Techniques | 1 | 3 | | | | | | | Coping Skills Training (CST) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | | Anxiety Management Training (AMT) | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | | Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | | Totals | 7 | 27 | 59 | 2 | 11 | 10 | 116 |
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On stress-related outcomes with keywords: stress, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, coping, resilience, hardiness, burnout, distress, or relaxation.
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