Trans-β-Caryophyllene: An Effective Antileishmanial Compound Found in Commercial Copaiba Oil (Copaifera spp.)

Figure 9

Cytotoxicity of C4 oil, volatile (VF), and nonvolatile (NVF) fractions. Murine peritoneal macrophages were incubated with the indicated concentrations of VF or NVF, and cytotoxicity tested by Trypan blue exclusion (a) and XTT (b) assays. 0.5% DMSO was assayed as the vehicle control and azide at 1% as a positive control for the XTT assay. Results represent the mean ± SEM of five experiments in triplicates. ^∗𝑃<0.05 and ^∗∗𝑃=0.001.

(a)

(b)