The Influence of Different Acupuncture Manipulations on the Skin Temperature of an Acupoint

Table 2

Changes in skin temperature (in [°C]) at ST36. The values in parentheses are the increases (decreases) of temperature with respect to the baseline values (^∗𝑃<0.05).

	Before acupuncture	Needle insertion	Needle manipulation	Needle removal	After acupuncture
Sham acupuncture	34.87 ± 1.14	34.69 ± 1.02	35.18 ± 0.67	35.21 ± 1.06	35.23 ± 0.78
	—	(−0.18)	(+0.31)	(+0.34)	(+0.36)
Lifting-thrusting	34.53 ± 1.01	35.01 ± 0.85	35.37 ± 0.79	35.41 ± 1.05	35.35 ± 1.13
	—	(+0.48)	(+0.84)*	(+0.88)*	(+0.82)*
Twisting-rotating	34.49 ± 1.14	34.64 ± 1.38	34.86 ± 1.27	34.96 ± 1.09	34.91 ± 1.14
	—	(+0.15)	(+0.37)	(+0.47)	(+0.42)