Effects and Mechanisms of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Ameliorating Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Table 4

Efficacy and mechanism of patent drugs made up of Chinese herbs in the treatment of MIR.

Mechanism of action in TCM terminology	Patent drug name	Main ingredient	Mechanism	Biomarker/Targets	In vivo/In vitro	References
Activating Blood to resolve stasis, and moving Qi to relieve pain	XinKeShu Tablet	Salvia, arrowroot, woody, hawthorn, panax	Antioxidant, promote angiogenesis	eNOS; VCAM-1	In vivo	[113]
	TongXinLuo Superfine	Ginseng, leeches, scorpion, Eupolyphaga, centipede, et al	Antioxidant, proangiogenesis	NO, eNOS; vWF, Hhcy	In vivo	[114]
	ShuMai Capsule	Peanut shells	Promote angiogenesis	vWF, VEGF	In vivo	[115]
Moving Qi to activate circulation and relieve pain	GuanXin ErHao (Guanxin II)	Safflower, red peony, salvia, Chuanxiong, and so forth	Anti-apoptosis, protect mitochondrial function	Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Bcl-2/Bax, cytochrome c, Akt	In vivo	[63, 64]
	XiongShao Capsule	Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Radix Paeoniae Rubra	Anti-inflammation	TNF-𝛼, MCP-1, ICI	In vivo	[59]
Replenishing Qi to activate circulation, and moving Qi to relieve pain	Vigconic 28 (VI-28)	Radix Ginseng, Cornu Cervi, Cordyceps, Radix Salviae, Semen Allii, and so forth	Antioxidant, protect mitochondrial function	GSH, 𝛼-TOC, CuZn-SOD, Ca^2+-induced permeability, mitochondrial MDA, Ca^2+, cytochrome c	In vivo	[116]
	Acanthopanax Senticosus Injection	Acanthopanax	Antioxidant, inhibit Ca^2+ overload	SOD, MDA, GPx; Ca^2+	In vivo	[55]
	ShuangShen NingXin Capsule	Ginseng total saponins, total salvianolic, corydalis	Antioxdiant	SOD, MDA	In vivo	[117]
	ShuangShen TongGuan Recipe	Ginseng, astragalus, Atractylodes, and so forth	Anti-inflammation	NF-κB, p65, TNF-𝛼, ICAM-1, MJIC-Cx43	In vivo	[118]
Replenishing Qi and invigorating Yang	ShenFu Injections	Red ginseng, Monkshood	Antioxdiant, reduce ME, up-regulate-ATPase	SOD, GPx; LDH, CK; Na^+-K^+-ATP and Ca^2+-ATP	In vivo	[119]
Replenishing Blood and activating circulation	DanHong Injection	Salvia, safflower	Antioxidant	SOD, MDA	In vivo	[120]
	Cardiotonic Pill	Salvia miltiorrhiza	Anti-apoptosis	Caspase-3, Akt	In vivo	[62]