Antiobesity Effect of Caraway Extract on Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Table 2

Measured variables (mean ± SD) at baseline and after the three-month intervention period.

Variables	Week 0		Week 12
	Placebo (𝑛=29)	CE group (𝑛=31)	Placebo (𝑛=29)	CE group (𝑛=31)
Body composition
Weight (kg)	71.96±10.66	76.86±12.24	72.77±10.84	75.0±12.24^∗
Body mass index (BMI, Kg/m^2)	28.34±2.59	30.69±4.69	28.50±2.80	29.85±4.70^∗
Body fat (BF, %)	33.82±2.40	35.43±3.60	34.04±2.47	34.74±3.74^∗
Body muscle (BM, %)	31.81±1.27	31.42±1.60	31.75±1.29	31.61±1.60^∗
Body water (BW, %)	48.34±1.89	47.16±2.63	48.12±1.78	47.15±2.67
Anthropometric indices
Waist circumference (WC, cm)	91.34±7.33	96.02±10.21	91.21±7.90	89.78±8.64^∗
Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)	0.87±0.04	0.86±0.06	0.87±0.05	0.83±0.05^∗
Paraclinical assessments
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP, mmHg)	74.29±6.0	75.48±7.89	70.97±7.60	75.9±6.80
Systolic blood pressure (SBP, mmHg)	111.25±10.33	112.74±10.40	111.25±9.49	113.39±11.21
Heart rate (beats per minute)	75.21±8.70	78.06±9.11	74.46±8.56	77.51±8.11
Lipid profile
Cholesterol (mg/dL)	183.33±22.56	209.33±29.87	190.38±51.9	199.0±25.1
Triglyceride (TG, mg/dL)	121.86±41.49	112.81±35.14	145±50.4	124.43±42.6
High density lipoprotein (HDL, mg/dL)	52.95±9.87	55.90±9.57	51.71±7.7	56.71±10.1
Low density lipoprotein (LDL, mg/dL)	106.73±17.67	123.94±28.65	110.77±41.9	125.77±25.9
Urine test
Urine-specific gravity (USG, g/mL)	1.017±0.006	1.021±0.006	1.018±0.005	1.022±0.006

^∗𝑝<0.01 significantly different from baseline compared to placebo.