Pomegranate Supplementation Protects against Memory Dysfunction after Heart Surgery: A Pilot Study

Table 1

Demographic and perioperative data for the overall study sample by treatment group.

	All	Pomegranate	Placebo	Signif.
Age in years (mean ± standard deviation)	66.3±8.9	62.4±8.6	70.2±8.1	𝑝=.178
Years of education; (mean ± standard deviation)	15.1±1.96	15.3±2.2	15.0±2.0	𝑝=.864
IQ estimate (mean ± standard deviation)	103.6±17.0	100.6±20.5	106.6±14.4	𝑝=.607
Gender (%)				𝜒^2=.444
Male	80	100	60
Female	20	0	40
Ethnicity (%)				𝜒^2=1.00
Caucasian	60	60	60
Hispanic	20	20	20
Asian	20	20	20
Marital status (%)				𝜒^2=.444
Married	88.9	75	100
Single	0	0	0
Divorced	11.1	25	0
Widowed	0	0	0
Diabetes (%)				𝜒^2=.524
Yes	55.6	60	25
No	44.4	40	75
High cholesterol (%)				𝜒^2=.444
Yes	88.9	100	75
No	11.1	0	25
Hypertension (%)				𝜒^2=.167
Yes	77.8	100	50
No	22.2	0	50
Smoking history (%)				𝜒^2=.048
Yes	44.4	80	0
No	55.6	20	100
Surgery type (%)				𝜒^2=.444
CABG	60	60	60
Valve	30	40	20
CABG + valve	10	0	20
CPB minutes; (mean ± standard deviation)	142.4±48.1	151.3±50.6	107.0±0.0	𝜒^2=.491
Cross-clamp minutes (mean ± standard deviation)	104.5±50.7	127.5±44.4	58.5±4.7	𝜒^2=.120