Cognitive-Enhancing Effect of Steamed and Fermented Codonopsis lanceolata: A Behavioral and Biochemical Study

Figure 5

The proton levels of BDNF and pCREB in hippocampus. Control group (C; 0.5% CMC (10 mL/kg body weight, P.O.)), scopolamine group (S; 1 mg/kg body weight, S.C.), donepezil group (S + D; 1 mg/kg body weight, P.O.), and fermented C. lanceolata group (S + 300, S + 500, and S + 800; 300, 500, and 800 mg/kg body weight, P.O. treated 1 h before scopolamine administration) (𝑛=5 per group; ^#𝑃<0.05, ^##𝑃<0.01, and ^###𝑃<0.001 versus the control group; ^∗𝑃<0.05, ^∗∗𝑃<0.01, and ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001 versus the scopolamine group).