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| Reference | Quality assessment | Quality of randomized controlled trials | Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
|
| Li, 2006 [6] | Jadad scale | Variable | P: patients with acute ischemic stroke within 30 days of onset and without serious organic disease and complications
I: BHD
C: placebo or blank control
O: the mortality rate, total efficiency, cured and markedly effective rate, disability rate, improvement of neurological deficit, focal neurologic signs, rate of adverse events, complications, and laboratory test index
S: RCT or quasirandomized controlled trials | N.R |
|
| Li, 2006 [7] | Jadad scale | Poor | P: patients with ischemic stroke within 30 days of onset and without serious organic disease and complications
I: BHD
C: aspirin, placebo, or blank control
O: improvement of NIHSS score, disability rate, rate of adverse events, measurement of quality of life, the mortality rate, and measurement of activities of daily living
S: RCT | (1) Nonrandomized controlled trials
(2) Included patients with other diseases such as trauma, cerebral vascular malformation, intracranial aneurysms
(3) Adding other medicine in the test group
(4) Controlled method is cross-referenced; efficacy of medication used in control group is uncertain |
|
| Huang, 2009 [8] | Jadad scale | Poor | P: patients with acute cerebral infarction
I: BHD or modified BHD
C: other effective therapies
O: improvement of NIHSS score, disability rate, rate of adverse events, measurement of quality of life, and the mortality rate
S: RCT | (1) Nonrandomized controlled trials
(2) Included patients with other diseases such as trauma, cerebral vascular malformation, and intracranial aneurysms
(3) Adding other medicines in the test group
(4) Studies of self-control |
|
| Hao et al., 2012 [9] | Jadad scale | Poor | P: patients of any gender, age, or ethnicity with acute ischemic stroke within 7 days of onset
I: BHD and CWM or modified BHD and CWM
C: CWM
O: death or dependency at the end of follow-up, the neurological deficit improvement after treatment (the scores of neurological deficit improvement and the effective rate), and adverse events
S: RCT | (1) Quasirandomized controlled trials or nonrandomized controlled trials
(2) Studies comparing BHD therapy with another form of Chinese herbal medicine
(3) Adding other Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment
(4) Unclearness of the onset time
(5) Not conforming to the diagnostic criteria
(6) Adopting nonstandard efficacy criteria |
|
| Liu et al., 2012 [10] | Cochrane Reviewer’s Handbook | Poor | P: patients of any gender and age with acute ischemic stroke within 7 days of onset
I: BHD and other effective therapies or modified BHD and other effective therapies
C: other effective therapies
O: the neurological deficit improvement after treatment, clinical efficacy rate, and fibrinogen
S: RCT | N.R |
|
| Li, 2006 [11] | Jadad scale | Poor | P: patients with hemorrhagic stroke within 30 days of onset and without serious organic disease and complications
I: BHD and CWM
C: CWM
O: improvement of NIHSS score, disability rate, rate of adverse events, measurement of quality of life, the mortality rate, and measurement of activities of daily living
S: RCT | (1) Nonrandomized controlled trials
(2) Included patients with other diseases such as trauma, cerebral vascular malformation, and intracranial aneurysms
(3) Adopting other medicine in the test group
(4) Controlled method is cross-referenced; efficacy of medication used in control group is uncertain |
|
| Li, 2007 [12] | Jadad scale | Poor | P: patients with chronic cor pulmonale at acute onset period
I: modified BHD
C: blank control
O: markedly effective (cardiopulmonary function improved 2 grades, symptom of cough, expectoration and asthma improved, be able to take care of oneself in daily life), effective (cardiopulmonary function improved 1 grade, symptom of cough, expectoration and asthma improved), and ineffective (cardiopulmonary function did not improve or deteriorate)
S: RCT | (1) Nonrandomized controlled trials
(2) Patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding and disseminated intravascular coagulation
(3) Controlled method is cross-referenced; efficacy of medication used in control group is uncertain |
|
| Li, 2006 [13] | Jadad scale | Poor | P: patients with primary nephrotic syndrome and without serious organic disease and complications
I: BHD and CWM or modified BHD and CWM
C: CWM
O: complete remission (24-hour urine protein was less than 0.31 gram for more than 3 days and serum albumin was more than 35 gram per liter), partial remission (24-hour urine protein ranged from 0.31 to 2.0 gram for more than 3 days), and ineffectiveness (24-hour urine protein was more than 2.0 gram)
S: RCT | (1) Nonrandomized controlled trials
(2) The secondary nephrotic syndrome
(3) Controlled method is cross-referenced; efficacy of medication used in control group is uncertain |
|
| Li, 2007 [14] | Jadad scale | Poor | P: patients with posterior circulation ischemia vertigo and without severe organic disease and complications
I: BHD
C: blank control
O: transcranial Doppler (TCD), cure rate, markedly effective rate, effective rate, ineffective rate, rate of adverse events, measurement of quality of life, and measurement of activities of daily living
S: RCT | (1) Nonrandomized controlled trials
(2) Vertigo caused by other reasons
(3) Adding other medicine in the test group
(4) Controlled method is cross-referenced; efficacy of medication used in control group is uncertain |
|
| Shu, 2010 [15] | Cochrane Reviewer’s Handbook | Variable | P: patients with vascular dementia and the course of treatment must be more than 2 months
I: modified BHD
C: CWM
O: minimental state examination (MMSE), Hasegawa’s Dementia Scale (HDS), and total effectiveness
S: RCT | (1) Quasirandomized controlled trials or nonrandomized controlled trials |
|
| Li, 2011 [16] | Jadad scale | Poor | P: patients of any gender, age, course of disease, or race/ethnicity with diabetic nephropathy
I: BHD and CWM
C: CWM
O: urinary albumin-excretion rate, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, fasting blood glucose, effective rate, and 24-hour urine protein
S: RCT | (1) Add other medicine in the test group
(2) The primary studies reported unclear
(3) Nephropathy caused by other diseases except diabetic
(4) Patients with primary nephrotic syndrome, severe cardiovascular disease, and primary liver disease |
|
| Liao, 2012 [17] | Jadad scale | Poor | P: patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy diagnosed according to related diagnosis standard established by Chinese Medical Association
I: CWM and modified BHD
C: CWM and vitamin B12/B1
O: markedly effective, effective, and ineffective
S: RCT | (1) Pathological changes of central nervous system caused by diabetic or peripheral neuropathy were caused by other reasons (vasculitis, drugs, and inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy)
(2) Adding other medicines in the test group
(3) Case study research, experience summary, reviews, and duplicate publication
(4) Animal experiment
(5) Studies focus on adverse reaction of BHD |
|
| Li et al., 2012 [18] | Jadad scale | Poor | P: patients of any gender, age, or onset time with angina pectoris of coronary heart disease with Qi deficiency and blood stasis pattern
I: BHD and CWM
C: CWM
O: improvement of symptom at the end of the treatment period, improvement of electrocardiogram, and adverse reaction
S: RCT | (1) Nonrandomized controlled trials
(2) Coronary heart disease does not belong to qi deficiency and blood stasis pattern
(3) Not conforming to the diagnostic criteria |
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