Millipedes as Food for Humans: Their Nutritional and Possible Antimalarial Value—A First Report

Table 4

Summary of the current knowledge about utilization of millipedes by mammals as anointing and/or food item.

Mammals	Millipedes	Chemicals	Use	Reference
Marsupialia
Opossum (Didelphis albiventris)	Leptodesmus dentellus (Chelodesmidae); Gymnostreptus olivaceus (Spirostreptidae)	Benzoquinones and Cyanogenics	Consumption and sniffing	[47]
Carnivora
White-nosed coatis (Nasua narica)	Orthoporus sp. (Spirostreptidae)	Benzoquinones	Consumption after prey-rolling treatment	[13]
Meerkat-mangoose (Suricata suricatta)	?	?	Consumption after treatment	[49, 51]
Striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis)	?	?	Consumption	[52]
Primates
Capuchin monkeys (Cebus sp.)	Orthoporus dorsovittatus (Spirostreptidae)	Benzoquinones	Self-anointing	[19]
Capuchin monkeys (C. olivaceus)	Orthoporus dorsovittatus (Spirostreptidae)	Benzoquinones	Self-anointing	[18]
Owl monkeys (Aotus sp.)	Anadenobolus monilicornis (Rhinocricidae)	Benzoquinones	Self-anointing	[55]
Black lemurs (Elemur macaco)	Charactopygus sp. (Spirostreptidae)	Benzoquinones ?	Self-anointing	[17]
Lemurs (Varecia rubra and Eulemur fulvus albifrons)	?	?	Self-anointing and consumption after handling and salivating	[50, 53, 72]
Humans, Bobo population	Tymbodesmus falcatus and Sphenodesmus sheribongensis (Gomphodesmidae); unknown; Spirostreptidae	Benzoquinones and Cyanogenics	Consumption after boiling and drying	This study