Shen-Zhi-Ling Oral Liquid Improves Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Alzheimer’s Disease

Table 2

Results of clinical evaluation between before and after the additional treatment of Sheng-Zhi-Ling Oral liquid (SZL) and placebo.

Parameter	Week 0		Week 10		Week 20		Week 25
	SZL	Placebo	SZL	Placebo	SZL	Placebo	SZL	Placebo
BEHAVE-AD
Paranoid and delusion; ideation	3.11±0.38	3.06±0.36	3.12±0.29	3.26±0.66	3.15±0.71	3.31±1.06	3.21±1.04	3.49±1.23
Hallucinations	3.72±0.59	3.79±0.61	3.75±1.48	3.95±0.61	3.82±0.91^∗	4.23±1.38^#	3.91±0.91^△	4.48±1.51^▲
Activity disturbances	6.51±0.28	6.48±0.71	6.53±0.41	6.74±0.85	6.61±1.37^∗	7.34±1.93^#	6.69±1.58^△	7.76±1.78^▲
Aggressiveness	5.06±0.30	5.02±0.39	5.13±1.02	5.41±0.99	5.36±1.32^∗	6.02±1.59^#	5.52±1.46^△	6.48±1.91^▲
Diurnal rhythm; disturbances	2.61±0.33	2.59±0.47	2.76±0.83	3.15±0.42	3.11±0.76	3.55±0.92^#	3.24±0.89	3.84±0.78^▲
Affective disturbances	3.15±0.23	3.18±0.35	3.23±0.59	3.31±0.35	3.34±0.64	3.88±0.72^#	3.41±0.58	4.17±0.86^▲
Anxieties and phobias	2.22±0.33	2.19±0.52	2.38±0.41	2.69±0.58	2.57±0.57^∗	3.02±0.38^#	2.71±0.46^△	3.36±0.47^▲
NPI mean score
Delusions	1.54±0.59	1.53±0.54	1.58±0.61	1.82±0.57	1.75±0.89^∗	2.13±0.96^#	1.86±1.02^△	2.41±1.62^▲
Hallucinations	3.72±0.59	3.79±0.61	3.75±1.48	3.95±0.61	3.82±0.91^∗	4.23±1.38^#	3.91±0.85^△	4.59±1.61^▲
Agitation	5.32±0.91	5.41±0.46	5.45±0.96	6.48±0.88	6.28±1.09^∗	7.48±0.88^#	6.89±1.36^△	7.97±1.53^▲
Depression	4.21±0.81	4.23±0.16	4.26±1.01	4.19±0.72	4.19±1.42	4.29±0.38	4.37±1.32	4.46±0.81
Anxiety	2.34±0.69	2.33±0.41	2.38±0.97	2.42±0.86	2.43±1.13	2.46±1.04	2.39±1.65	2.51±1.42
Euphoria	3.63±0.62	3.62±0.68	3.73±0.89	3.72±0.56	3.75±0.61	3.80±0.69	3.81±0.35	3.83±0.92
Apathy	3.31±0.72	3.29±0.48	3.29±0.84	3.33±0.83	3.39±0.97	3.27±0.66	3.43±0.77	3.39±0.69
Disinhibition	2.74±0.57	2.79±0.49	2.76±0.36	2.91±0.55	2.73±0.69	2.89±0.58	2.81±0.37	2.85±0.84
Ignitability	3.26±0.75	3.27±0.77	3.29±0.82	4.17±0.52	3.85±0.76	4.08±0.83	3.72±0.53	3.98±0.56
Aberrant motor; behavior	4.28±0.69	4.25±0.87	4.27±0.74	4.63±0.73	4.26±1.09^∗	5.12±1.26^#	4.31±0.96^△	5.33±1.09^▲
Sleep disturbance	5.32±0.83	5.25±0.68	5.38±1.23	6.07±0.79	5.87±1.73^∗	6.69±1.28^#	5.91±1.65^△	7.06±1.37^▲
Appetite	4.08±0.57	4.11±0.36	4.12±0.87	4.28±0.31	4.18±0.39	4.17±0.61	4.24±0.57	4.03±0.55
DFA of actigraph activity
Diurnal activity	0.84±0.11	0.83±0.24	0.83±0.19	0.84±0.17	0.85±0.15	0.88±0.13	0.84±0.19	0.89±0.21
Evening activity	0.85±0.12	0.86±0.09	0.86±0.13	0.91±0.14	0.86±0.35^∗	0.95±0.11^#	0.88±0.27^△	0.98±0.23^▲
Nocturnal activity	0.92±0.13	0.91±0.14	0.94±0.15	0.99±0.16	0.95±0.16^∗	1.08±0.15^#	0.97±0.13^△	1.28±0.17^▲

^∗𝑃<0.05, compared with week 20 of placebo group; ^#𝑃<0.05, compared with week 0 of placebo group; ^△𝑃<0.05, compared with week 30 of placebo group; ^▲𝑃<0.05, compared with week 0 of placebo group.