The Effects of High-Frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Dental Professionals with Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Single-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Table 3
The changes in the visual analogue scale scores (VAS) in stiff sensation of muscles (fatigue) at rest and during full-sagittal neck movement after application of a single session TENS in postlabor state.
TENS group ()
Placebo-TENS group ()
VAS score at rest (mm)
Prelabor
11.0 ± 10.63
12.4 ± 11.07
0.672
Postlabor
41.0 ± 11.79
42.8 ± 19.06
Post-TENS
24.3 ± 9.96
40.0 ± 16.65
1 H TENS
28.3 ± 8.17
37.0 ± 15.58
3 H TENS
21.5 ± 8.88
29.8 ± 12.75
1 D TENS
12.1 ± 8.20
14.4 ± 8.70
0.000
0.000
Postlabor–prelabor
30.0 ± 13.27
30.4 ± 16.92
0.922
Post-TENS–postlabor
16.8 ± 7.86
2.8 ± 4.96
0.000
1 H TENS–postlabor
12.7 ± 6.08
5.9 ± 5.57
0.000
3 H TENS–postlabor
19.6 ± 8.07
13.0 ± 8.49
0.010
1 D TENS–postlabor
29.0 ± 10.32
28.5 ± 15.41
0.900
VAS score during movement (mm)
Prelabor
24.4 ± 12.96
25.4 ± 14.69
0.794
Postlabor
60.5 ± 14.22
58.7 ± 17.85
Post-TENS
41.2 ± 12.18
56.1 ± 16.16
1 H TENS
42.3 ± 11.79
52.0 ± 15.58
3 H TENS
34.2 ± 10.70
45.4 ± 15.22
1 D TENS
22.5 ± 12.77
25.9 ± 13.71
0.000
0.000
Postlabor–prelabor
36.1 ± 11.15
33.3 ± 14.12
0.445
Post-TENS–postlabor
19.3 ± 7.85
2.6 ± 3.33
0.000
1 H TENS–postlabor
18.2 ± 6.16
6.74 ± 4.16
0.000
3 H TENS–postlabor
26.3 ± 7.14
13.3 ± 4.16
0.000
1 D TENS–postlabor
38.0 ± 9.53
32.8 ± 11.76
0.104
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). indicates a significant difference within a group as compared to the prelabor value (). indicates a significant difference as compared to the post-labor value (). VAS: visual analogue scale; 1 H TENS: 1 h after the application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS); 3 H TENS: 3 h after TENS application; 1 D TENS: 1 day after TENS application.
