Proteomic Analysis of Anticancer TCMs Targeted at Mitochondria

Table 1

Summary of the application of proteomics to determine the mechanism of action of terpenoids.

Compounds	Proteomics method		ROS	Effects	Mechanism of action	Cell lines	References
Sesquiterpene
-Elemene	iTRAQ	N/A	N/A	N/A	Ribosome signaling, PPARs signaling, actin cytoskeleton, phagosome, biosynthesis, and amino acids metabolism	SGC7901	[23]
β-Elemene	N/A			Apoptosis↑	Release of cytochrome c/caspase-3	A549/DDP	[20]
δ-Elemene	N/A		N/A	Apoptosis↑	p38 MAPK	NCI-H292	[97]
β-Elemene	N/A			Apoptosis↑	Release of cytochrome c/caspase-3/caspase-8/caspase-9	A2780/CP MCAS	[21]
β-Elemene	N/A	N/A	N/A	Apoptosis↑	Release of cytochrome c/caspase-3/caspase-8/caspase-9, p53	H23, H358, H460, and A549	[19]
Deoxyelephantopin	2-DE DIGE	N/A	N/A	Apoptosis↑	ER stress-independent apoptotic pathway	TS/A	[27]
Deoxyelephantopin	N/A			Apoptosis↑	Release of cytochrome c/caspase-3/caspase-7/caspase-8/caspase-10, Akt, ERK, and JNK pathways	CNE	[25]
Isodeoxyelephantopin	SILAC			Apoptosis↑	ROS-dependent DNA damage, mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, and antitumor inflammation factor pathway	CNE1	[14]
Isodeoxyelephantopin	N/A	N/A	N/A	Apoptosis↑	NF-κB	HL60, H1299, MM.1S, U266, and KBM-5	[82]
Diterpene
Celastrol	SILAC			Apoptosis↑; Proliferation↓	Stress response, oxidative stress, and effects	Lymphoblastoid cells	[98]
Triptolide	2-DE	N/A	N/A	Proliferation↓	Perinuclear translocation of 14-3-3	SW480 and Lovo	[36]
Triptolide	N/A			Apoptosis↑	Release of cytochrome c/Smac/diablo, activation of caspase-3/caspase-9	HS-sultan, IM9, RPMI8226, and U266	[38]
Triptolide	N/A			Apoptosis↑	Release of cytochrome c, caspase-3/caspase-9, Bcl-2↓, Bax, and p53↑	L-02	[40]
Tanshinone IIA	2-DE			Apoptosis↑	p38, JNK/IRE1/PERK pathways, and ROS/ER stress pathways	CaSki	[99]

N/A: not applicable; ↑: upregulation; ↓: downregulation.