Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activities of Bulbine abyssinica Used in the Folk Medicine in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Table 1

Scavenging and inflammation inhibitory activities of acetone and aqueous extracts of B. abyssinica.

Activity	A		B		C		D		E		F		G		H
Samples
Acetone extract	1.25	78.3	0.19	79.6	0.23	89.9	0.04	88.4	0.18	83.6	0.14	86.2	0.22	74.3	0.51	90.1
Aqueous extract	0.19	79. 7	0.26	99.7	0.14	85.9	0.24	99.8	1.61	92.2	0.21	87.8	0.33	71.5	0.33	72.2
BHT	0.18	88.7	0.2	90.4	—	—	0.25	99.4	2.04	84.8	0.16	87.3	—	—	—	—
Vitamin C	0.12	85.3	0.07	89.7	0.09	84.9	0.22	93.1	2.21	96.8	—	—	—	—	—	—
Rutin	—	—	0.26	81.4	0.23	91.1	—	—	—	—	0.18	81.3	—	—	—	—
Gallic acid	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.67	76.7	—	—	—	—	—	—
Diclofenac sodium	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.31	91.9	0.48	81.2

A is reducing power; B is DPPH scavenging activity; C is nitric oxide scavenging activity; D is hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity; E is lipid peroxide scavenging activity; F is ABTS scavenging activity; G is protein denaturation inhibitory activity; and H is membrane lysis inhibitory activity. IC₅₀ is defined as the concentration (mg/mL) sufficient to obtain 50% of a maximum scavenging capacity. Coefficient of determination. Values are obtained from regression lines with 95% confidence level. — indicates values not determined.