Curcumin Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Evidences in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats Support the Antidiabetic Activity to Be via Metabolite(s)

Table 3

Rat plasma/serum levels of curcumin administered in different vehicles.

Animal	Administration	Curcumin (g/kg)	Vehicle	(g/mL)	(hour)
Diabetic rat^#	Oral	0.50	Curcumin-enriched yoghurt (0.5 mL)	0.060	0.25
Diabetic rat^#	Intravenous	0.01	Curcumin in DMSO (0.5 mL/kg)	3.140	0.08
Normal rat [46]	Oral	0.10	Curcumin powder	0.084	2.00
Normal rat [46]	Oral	0.10	Marketed CUR-500 capsules	0.092	2.00
Normal rat [46]	Oral	0.10	Curcumin nanocrystal-loaded capsules	0.041	0.50
Normal rat [47]	Oral	0.05	Curcumin aqueous suspension	0.004	0.50
Normal rat [47]	Oral	0.05	Curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles	0.011	2.00
Normal rat [47]	Oral	0.05	Curcumin-loaded PLGA-PEG blend nanoparticles	0.029	3.00
Normal rat [48]	Oral	0.10	Curcumin nanoparticles	0.260	2.00
Normal rat [48]	Oral	0.25	Curcumin + piperine (0.01 g/kg) water suspension	0.121	0.75
Normal rat [48]	Oral	0.25	Curcumin suspension	0.090	0.50
Normal rat [23]	Oral	0.10	Curcumin liposome dissolved in saline	0.042	0.30
Normal rat [49]	Oral	0.05	Curcumin solubilized in Tween 80	292.000	0.25
Normal rat [49]	Oral	0.05	Curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles	14.290	0.50
Normal rat [50]	Oral	0.50		0.060	0.68
Normal rat [50]	Intravenous	0.01		0.360
Normal rat [51]	Oral	1.00	Curcumin phospholipid complex	1.200	1.50
Normal rat [51]	Oral	1.00		0.500	0.75
Normal rat [52]	Oral	0.34	Curcumin phospholipid complex	0.012	0.25
Normal rat [52]	Oral	0.34	Curcumin unformulated	0.002	0.50
Normal rat [53]	Oral	0.30	Curcumin phospholipid complex	0.600	2.33
Normal rat [53]	Oral	0.10		0.266	1.62
Normal rat [12]	Oral	2.00	Curcumin + piperine (0.02 g/kg) water suspension	1.800	1.29
Normal rat [12]	Oral	2.00	Curcumin aqueous suspension	1.350	0.83

This study.
Not reported. : peak plasma/serum concentration; : time to reach peak plasma/serum concentration.