Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine / 2015 / Article / Tab 5 / Research Article
[Retracted] The Antioxidant and Starch Hydrolase Inhibitory Activity of Ten Spices in an In Vitro Model of Digestion: Bioaccessibility of Anthocyanins and Carotenoids Table 5 Quantities of D3Ga, C3Ga, C3Gl, C3Ar, P3Ga, and P3Ar present in the herbal extracts prior to digestion (P) as well as after gastric (G) and duodenal (D) digestion.
denotes statistically significant difference as compared with prior
in vitro digestion. Values represent mean ± SEM of 3 ≤ independent experiments.
Spice D3Ga (mg/g) C3Ga (mg/g) C3GI (mg/g) C3Ar (mg/g) P3Ga (mg/g) P3Ar (mg/g) P G D P G D P G D P G D P G D P G D Cloves 1.21 ± 0.09 0.50 ± 0.08 0.27 ± 0.01 1.80 ± 0.08 1.00 ± 0.07 0.98 ± 0.06 2.10 ± 0.06 1.25 ± 0.08 1.15 ± 0.05 1.39 ± 0.04 0.68 ± 0.08 0.58 ± 0.01 1.95 ± 0.01 1.47 ± 0.02 1.17 ± 0.04 1.67 ± 0.02 1.24 ± 0.03 1.15 ± 0.01 Curry leaves 0.98 ± 0.02 0.74 ± 0.10 0.69 ± 0.08 1.44 ± 0.09 1.22 ± 0.04 0.54 ± 1.47 1.21 ± 0.08 1.22 ± 0.06 0.88 ± 0.04 0.66 ± 0.04 0.58 ± 0.01 0.47 ± 0.04 0.87 ± 0.02 0.74 ± 0.01 0.69 ± 0.02 1.21 ± 0.04 0.89 ± 0.10 0.63 ± 0.05 Sweet cumin 0.47 ± 0.01 0.23 ± 0.01 0.19 ± 0.02 0.49 ± 0.04 0.39 ± 0.07 0.22 ± 0.04 1.24 ± 0.02 1.00 ± 0.04 0.95 ± 0.11 0.95 ± 0.08 0.67 ± 0.05 0.62 ± 0.02 1.49 ± 0.09 0.25 ± 0.01 0.31 ± 0.02 1.22 ± 0.07 1.20 ± 0.08 1.17 ± 0.04 Cumin seeds 1.31 ± 0.05 1.20 ± 0.01 1.05 ± 0.06 1.20 ± 0.36 0.58 ± 0.01 0.44 ± 0.03 1.35 ± 0.02 0.94 ± 0.06 0.84 ± 0.03 1.24 ± 0.06 1.15 ± 0.06 0.84 ± 0.05 0.87 ± 0.03 0.64 ± 0.02 0.54 ± 0.01 0.97 ± 0.08 0.87 ± 0.01 0.68 ± 0.02 Coriander 1.12 ± 0.05 1.00 ± 0.03 0.85 ± 0.02 0.65 ± 0.02 0.51 ± 0.02 0.48 ± 0.01 0.75 ± 0.04 0.61 ± 0.02 0.57 ± 0.01 0.67 ± 0.01 0.44 ± 0.02 0.42 ± 0.01 0.74 ± 0.01 0.59 ± 0.01 0.54 ± 0.02 0.64 ± 0.02 0.29 ± 0.01 0.22 ± 0.02 Mustard 0.58 ± 0.02 0.25 ± 0.01 0.20 ± 0.01 0.67 ± 0.02 0.61 ± 0.03 0.54 ± 0.08 0.81 ± 0.03 0.61 ± 0.02 0.51 ± 0.04 0.74 ± 0.01 0.61 ± 0.03 0.51 ± 0.02 0.94 ± 0.01 0.88 ± 0.04 0.77 ± 0.02 0.47 ± 0.02 0.36 ± 0.07 0.29 ± 0.01 Fenugreek 0.39 ± 0.02 0.11 ± 0.01 0.10 ± 0.01 0.48 ± 0.03 0.32 ± 0.02 0.25 ± 0.01 0.55 ± 0.04 0.51 ± 0.03 0.50 ± 0.03 0.47 ± 0.06 0.31 ± 0.03 0.31 ± 0.01 0.77 ± 0.03 0.65 ± 0.04 0.54 ± 0.01 0.66 ± 0.02 0.60 ± 0.01 0.54 ± 0.02 Star anise 0.85 ± 0.02 0.65 ± 0.01 0.60 ± 0.02 0.80 ± 0.01 0.75 ± 0.02 0.75 ± 0.01 0.66 ± 0.05 0.49 ± 0.01 0.45 ± 0.02 0.58 ± 0.02 0.55 ± 0.05 0.50 ± 0.03 0.49 ± 0.01 0.39 ± 0.02 0.28 ± 0.01 0.33 ± 0.02 0.28 ± 0.05 0.25 ± 0.01 Cardamom 0.79 ± 0.01 0.52 ± 0.01 0.49 ± 0.01 0.38 ± 0.02 0.31 ± 0.01 0.29 ± 0.02 0.84 ± 0.02 0.77 ± 0.03 0.75 ± 0.02 0.29 ± 0.01 0.25 ± 0.02 0.25 ± 0.01 0.36 ± 0.04 0.32 ± 0.02 0.31 ± 0.01 0.68 ± 0.02 0.62 ± 0.05 0.60 ± 0.03 Nutmeg 0.57 ± 0.02 0.41 ± 0.01 0.40 ± 0.04 0.87 ± 0.05 0.81 ± 0.06 0.74 ± 0.06 0.91 ± 0.06 0.72 ± 0.03 0.61 ± 0.05 0.88 ± 0.04 0.71 ± 0.06 0.66 ± 0.05 0.49 ± 0.01 0.34 ± 0.02 0.30 ± 0.02 0.45 ± 0.02 0.26 ± 0.01 0.26 ± 0.01
